Planned immunization refers to the planned use of vaccination according to scientific immunization procedures based on the analysis of infectious disease epidemic monitoring and population immunity levels, in order to improve the immune resistance of the population and achieve the purpose of controlling and eventual elimination of infectious diseases.
There are actual examples of humans using planned immunization to overcome infectious diseases: the eradication of smallpox and the control of poliomyelitis.
The key to planned immunization, planned immunization, is the word planned. Throughout the world, China’s planned immunization is the best in all developing countries and has almost reached the level of developed countries. Let’s all be thankful that we don’t live in a developing country where other infectious diseases are rampant and in deep water.
Vaccination of a single individual or on a small scale is of little significance. Only a planned immunization program that is implemented by the whole society and the whole world at the same time and in accordance with scientific immunization procedures can achieve the goal of eliminating and controlling infectious diseases.
In other words, vaccination is meaningless for a single person. It does not mean that if I am vaccinated against hepatitis B, I will not get it. But if hepatitis B vaccination is administered on a large scale in a population as planned, a miracle occurs and the prevalence of hepatitis B in this group of people is significantly reduced or even eliminated, and its significance is again assigned to a single person. Therefore, vaccination, in addition to being a right to which every person is entitled, should at the same time be every person’s: obligation!
The current immunization procedures for children in China.
1. Within 24 hours of birth, BCG vaccination and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine.
2. 1 month of age, the second dose of hepatitis B vaccine.
3.At 2 months of age, the first polio trivalent vaccine will be given.
4.At 3 months of age, receive the second polio trivalent vaccine and the first polio mixture.
5.At 4 months of age, the third polio trivalent vaccine and the second diphtheria mixture were administered.
6.At 5 months of age, the third polio mixture was administered.
7.At 6 months of age, the third dose of hepatitis B vaccine was administered.
8.At 8 months of age, receive measles vaccination.
9.At 1.5~2 years of age, receive a booster dose of DPT vaccine.
10.4 years old, repeat polio trivalent mixed vaccine.
11, 7 years old, measles vaccine, adsorbed refined diphtheria, tetanus diphtheria toxoid
In addition to scheduled vaccinations, the following vaccines are recommended for conditional vaccination.
Hepatitis A vaccine, Brain B vaccine, rheumatoid fever vaccine, rubella vaccine, mumps vaccine, rotavirus vaccine, influenza vaccine, leptospirosis vaccine, epidemic hemorrhagic fever vaccine, and anthrax vaccine.
Among them, WHO and Uncle Chen recommend that the B encephalitis and rheumatic encephalitis vaccines and the MMR vaccine should be administered on time.
As for the vaccine for influenza virus, I personally think it is not very meaningful, influenza virus mutation speed often exceeds the preparation of the vaccine, and so the vaccine comes out, the vaccine is the original vaccine, the virus is not the original virus.
As for the flu, pneumonia bacterial vaccine preparations, it is not necessary, nature is prevalent such bacteria, even if vaccinated, contact with bacteria, will still be infected, and bacterial infection is not self-limiting, the infection is light their own resistance can kill, the infection is heavy, sensitive to antibiotic treatment can be. After vaccination or infection often does not form a lifelong immunity, the next contact, still to be infected.
As for the rotavirus vaccine, it depends on the situation, this virus causes a disease called autumn diarrhea, often in the autumn and winter season infected dolls from June to 1.5 years old, almost never again after growing up, so if you have not suffered from this disease, you can be vaccinated, if you have already suffered from this disease before the vaccination in August, there is no need to vaccinate again, the antibodies produced when sick, enough to protect the baby through the epidemic season.
As for the anthrax vaccine, it is only given once in case of an anthrax epidemic, and direct contacts of anthrax patients or sick animals and patients cannot be vaccinated.
Precautions for vaccination.
1. Do not vaccinate at will.
To strictly follow the immunization procedures, master the measurement of vaccination, the number of times, the time interval and the joint program of different vaccines, which the family does not need to worry about, just give it to the doctor’s aunt and uncle at the health service center.
2. There are contraindications to vaccination.
WHO and Uncle Chen consider the following as contraindications to routine immunization.
(1) Immunodeficiency, malignant diseases (tumor, leukemia) and those whose immune function is suppressed by the application of radiotherapy or anti-metabolic drugs cannot use live vaccines.
(2) Vaccination is contraindicated in the incubation period, prodromal period, onset and recovery period of acute infectious diseases, serious chronic diseases such as heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, active tuberculosis, septic skin disease, immunodeficiency diseases, allergic constitution (recurrent bronchial asthma, urticaria, thrombocytopenic purpura, etc.).
(3) Those who have had serious adverse reactions to previous vaccinations should not continue vaccination.
(4) Children with neurological diseases, such as epilepsy and infantile spasms, should not be vaccinated with vaccines containing pertussis antigens.
In this regard, the doctor will ask for medical history before vaccination, and if there are any of the above conditions, they need to be reported to the vaccinating doctor without reservation so that the suitability of vaccination can be evaluated.
3. There may be adverse reactions to vaccination.
The inoculation preparation is a biological product, which is a foreign substance to the human body and can cause beneficial immune reactions after inoculation, but can also produce adverse reactions or allergies that are harmful to the organism. If it happens, Chinese vices such as abusing doctors and holding them responsible for compensation are abhorrent to Uncle Chen! Never appear. Timely consultation with the vaccination doctor or pediatrician to seek the best treatment is the first priority.
There are mainly the following side reactions.
(1) Local reactions Inflammatory reactions such as redness, swelling, heat and pain appear in the inoculated area within 24 hours of vaccination. Light and medium reactions generally do not need to be dealt with and will disappear on their own within 1-2 days, while strong reactions can be treated with hot compresses to speed up the improvement.
(2) Systemic reactions The main manifestation is fever. 8-24 hours after vaccination, the body temperature of 37.1-37.5℃ is a weak reaction, 37.6-38.5℃ is a medium reaction, and ≥38.5℃ is a strong reaction, in addition to dizziness, nausea, diarrhea and other systemic reactions. These are generally normal immune reactions, do not need any treatment, strong reactions can use physical or drug cooling methods to deal with.
(3) abnormal reactions: generally rare, mainly fainting, mostly occurs in fasting, nervous state to receive injections, you can let the baby lie down, keep quiet, feed some warm water or sugar water, generally in 3-5 minutes to recover on their own, the doctor is usually present, let the doctor deal with it.
(4) Anaphylaxis, this disease is rare, but once it appears life-threatening, promptly send to nearby hospitals for rescue.
(5) Coincidence The appearance of disease after vaccination is not related to vaccination, but is mistakenly thought to be caused by vaccination because of the coincidence in timing. It needs to be identified by a professional doctor.
Fighting diseases by means of planned immunization is another strategic front opened up by mankind for thousands of years to fight against diseases, and Uncle Chen also has high hopes for it and would like to be one of them and charge into the battlefield.