Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the genus Lymphotropic virus of the family Herpesviridae and is carried by more than 95% of adults. It is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis and is also strongly associated with the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and childhood lymphoma, and is classified as one of the human oncogenic viruses that may cause cancer. EBV is mainly transmitted through saliva. the incubation period of EBV infection is 4-7 weeks, and prodromal symptoms include headache and malaise. 80% of patients may present with a clinical triad: pharyngitis, fever and lymphadenopathy. The infection can involve all organs of the body and usually involves fever, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, generalized lymph node enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly, and skin rash. In some cases, neurological symptoms may also appear, and a recovery period of 2 to 4 weeks is usually required. Laboratory tests may reveal lymphocytosis, elevated transaminases, and thrombocytopenia, but the presence of EBVDNA and its expression products (RNA or protein) is required to confirm the diagnosis. Positive serum anti-IgM antibodies and the subsequent presence of positive anti-NA antibodies suggest primary EBV infection. If anti early protein IgA potency is increased, this greatly increases the patient’s risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma. There is no specific treatment for EBV infection, and the disease mostly resolves spontaneously. Treatment is supportive; antiviral drugs can inhibit EBV replication, but some studies have concluded that they are ineffective, and hormones are applied only in the presence of anemia and thrombocytopenia. And EBV vaccines are only beneficial for specific populations. The EBV epidemic is so widespread that 100% of people are infected during their lifetime. 38% of children between the ages of 1 and 3 have developed antibodies to the EBV virus, the infection rate for people over the age of 10 is over 86%, and 100% of people over the age of 40 have been infected with EBV. It is impossible to avoid infection. Children who become infected are in the minority. EBV infection is a self-limiting disease, which means that it will usually get better without treatment. If you encounter a serious case with a high fever that doesn’t go away and a generalized rash, you should go to the hospital early and usually be cured, so parents should not be too afraid.