With the continuous birth of electronic products being used at a high frequency, the human body is silently threatened by various types of radiation, and our ears have also become one of the “victims”. In recent years, the number of patients with sudden deafness, tinnitus, dizziness, and other symptoms who come to the Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic is increasing year by year, and the number of patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma based on the patient’s description and relevant auxiliary examinations is on the rise. First of all, let’s get to know this “time bomb” that grows on the sheath membrane of the auditory nerve. An acoustic neuroma is a tumor that grows on the vestibular cochlear nerve and originates from the nerve sheath. It is also known as vestibular nerve sheath meningioma, and occurs mostly in adults between the ages of 30 and 50. According to statistics, the annual incidence of acoustic neuroma is about 5/100,000, but due to the uneven economic and cultural development, many patients are not properly diagnosed and treated. Due to its hidden location, it is easy to be neglected and misdiagnosed. Delayed treatment may cause great harm to hearing and surrounding brain nerves, and even threaten life, therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment are very important. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment are very important. Although it is confirmed that acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor. However, with the continuous growth of the tumor, it will eventually lead to the death of the patient. According to the growth process of acoustic neuroma, early stage of acoustic neuroma is only confined to the inner auditory canal, and gradually grows to enlarge the inner auditory canal and protrude into the pontocerebellar angle. When the tumor is less than 2 cm in size, there are usually only otological symptoms, such as tinnitus, hearing loss and dizziness. When the tumor grows more than 2 cm, the tumor starts to push against the brainstem, cerebellum and other cranial nerves, and the patient gradually develops otorhinological symptoms, but since the neurological symptoms are often very mild, the majority of the patients at this time still have otorhinological symptoms. After the tumor grows more than 3 cm, the brainstem and cerebellum will be obviously compressed and deformed, and the patient will have obvious headache, vomiting, unsteady walking, facial numbness and other neurological symptoms, and cerebral hernia can occur at any time, which will bring a threat to the patient’s life.NF2 (Neurofibromatosis type 2) is the most common manifestation of bilateral acoustic neuromas, and it is a kind of autosomal dominant hereditary disease, which is typically represented by bilateral acoustic neuromas. The most common clinical presentation is unilateral or bilateral progressive exacerbation of sensorineural deafness, which may be accompanied by tinnitus, vertigo, or balance disorders. The size and growth rate of bilateral acoustic neuromas are not uniform, and the size of the tumor does not exactly correspond to the hearing condition.The treatment of NF2 must be noted to be different from that of unilateral acoustic neuromas. Auditory neuroma is not an incurable disease, and microsurgery is the best option for treating acoustic neuroma. Surgical resection is internationally recognized as the preferred treatment method, especially in recent years, the rock bone surgical approach advocated by otorhinosurgeons uses various modern microsurgical techniques, such as high-definition microscope, high-speed drill, facial nerve monitor, etc., to make fine resection of the tumor, and to strip the tumor from the gap between the auricular-temporal bone and the brainstem, cerebellum and cranial nerves, especially from the facial nerves which are adherent to the tumor. Not only can the tumor of various sizes be completely removed, but also because the surgical approach reaches the tumor directly through the ear rather than through the posterior approach of the posterior cerebellum, the damage to the brain tissue is slight, and there is usually no neurological sequelae after the operation, especially the preservation of facial nerve function is relatively high, and part of the patients can also preserve their practical hearing. It is worth noting that the larger the tumor, the greater the possibility of postoperative facial paralysis, so early surgery can reduce the proportion of postoperative facial paralysis. The principle of treatment for unilateral acoustic neuroma is to completely remove the tumor and preserve the facial nerve, on the basis of which the hearing can be preserved as far as possible; unilateral hearing loss does not significantly affect the patient’s quality of life. For patients with bilateral acoustic neuromas, due to the possibility of bilateral hearing loss, the choice of treatment plan should be careful, and attention must be paid to the preservation and restoration of auditory function.There are two options for the rehabilitation of hearing in patients with NF2: cochlear implantation (CI) and auditory brainstem implantation (ABI). Most patients with CI perform better than those with ABI. In NF2 patients, bilateral hearing loss is the result of disease progression, and CI can restore the patient’s hearing, either by preserving the cochlear nerve during tumor surgery and performing CI at the same time or implanting the tumor in two stages, or by performing CI on the side of the small, non-life-threatening tumors where hearing loss is not a concern. in conclusion, cochlear implantation strategies for NF2 patients need to be analyzed on a case-by-case basis.