Normal menstruation should include the following: 1. Frequency of menstruation (menstrual cycle): i.e., how many days does one have a menstrual period every other day. The normal menstrual cycle is 24-35 days. Less than 24 days is called frequent menstruation; more than 38 days is called scanty menstruation. 2. Duration of menstrual bleeding: 2-7 days. Greater than 8 days is prolonged; less than 2 days is too short. 3.Menstrual volume: the average blood loss is 20-60ml, more than 80ml is excessive menstruation; less than 5ml is reduced menstruation. 4. Regularity of cycle in 12 months: whether each menstrual cycle is consistent. A cycle of more than 10 days can be considered irregular. No bleeding is called amenorrhea. There are many reasons for menstrual disorders, and according to the age of different women, we can roughly summarize them as follows: Childhood (4 weeks to 12 years old): the development of female secondary sexual characteristics (breast development, accelerated growth, the first appearance of pubic hair, menstruation) before the age of 8 is called precocious puberty. Puberty (10-19 years old): Most menstrual disorders are related to instability of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian functional axis that governs menstruation: e.g., uterine dysfunctional bleeding due to ovarian non-ovulation, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc. Sexual maturity: generally starts around the age of 18 and lasts for about 30 years. The most common causes of menstrual disorders in this period are: anovulation, hyperandrogenism, abnormal luteal function, inflammation or ovarian tumor, fibroids, pregnancy, endometrial damage, brain tumor, IUD or birth control pills, etc. In addition to strenuous exercise, mood swings, alcoholism, weight loss, water and soil disorders, blood system diseases, diabetes, liver and thyroid diseases, etc. can affect menstruation. Menopausal transition: It can start at the age of 40 and last for 10-20 years. (The average age of menopause in China is about 50 years old; menopause before the age of 40 is called premature ovarian failure). The causes of menstrual disorders during this period are the same as those of sexual maturity, but are more inclined to sex hormone abnormalities due to the decline of ovarian function. There are so many causes of menstrual disorders, and these factors often interact with each other, especially when it comes to menstrual disorders caused by sex hormone disorders, which are very complicated and often cannot be solved by general gynecological clinics, so much so that we women are very annoyed. What to do? Let’s find another way to help with short-acting birth control pills! When it comes to birth control pills, the first thing women think is: Isn’t the pill used for contraception? How can we regulate menstruation? Especially women who are not married are very resistant to it. So, today, let’s learn about them! The ingredients of birth control pills are mainly estrogen and progestin. We mainly use its hormonal components to regulate menstruation. Currently, the most common combined short-acting contraceptive pills on the market are: Da-Ying-35, Mafulong, Mecinlab, Minding Even, Eusemide, Anjinn, and Oral Contraceptive Tablets I and II. Their ingredients are: Dareng-35: Ethinylestradiol cyproterone (0.035mg ethinylestradiol + 2mg cyproterone acetate). Mamflux: 0.030mg ethinylestradiol + deoxyprogesterone 0.15mg. Mecinlab: 0.020mg ethinylestradiol + deoxyprogesterone 0.15mg. Minting Even: 0.020mg ethinylestradiol + gestodienone 0.075mg. Eusemide: 0.030mg ethinylestradiol + 3mg drospirenone. Anjingyi: 1mg estradiol + 2mg drospirenone. Oral Contraceptive Tablets I: 0.035mg ethinylestradiol + 0.6mg norethindrone. Oral contraceptive tablet II: 0.035mg ethinylestradiol + 1mg megestrol. There is also a single progestin contraceptive pill: norethindrone (also known as gynestrel tablets) at a dose of 0.625mg per capsule. Yutin (levonorgestrel tablets): at a dose of 0.75mg or 1.5mg per capsule. Having said a long list of medical terms, it may be very complicated and headache-inducing for women, but it is very important for medical professionals to know their hormonal composition and content. This is because the application of these contraceptives to regulate menstruation has different effects with different ingredients. For example, dysfunctional uterine bleeding during puberty, which is manifested by irregular (prolonged or shortened) menstrual cycles, dripping periods or excessive menstrual flow, is due to the instability of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian functional axis that governs menstruation, abnormal fluctuations in estrogen levels, insufficient or lack of progesterone, ovarian non-ovulation, endometrium growing like a weed under the influence of estrogen, out of control, and to a certain extent erratic or unsynchronized exfoliative bleeding. If the bleeding is not excessive, we can simply supplement with a single progestin pill or a progestin-dominant short-acting pill. If the bleeding is particularly heavy or even causes anemia, we must choose the estrogen+progestin combination short-acting pill on the basis of blood transfusion. Another example is the excessive menstruation in the reproductive age, after excluding pregnancy, organic lesions such as fibroids, mucosal polyps, uterine rings, high endometrial lesions, the acute bleeding period can be stopped with short-acting contraceptives, according to relevant data show that oral contraceptives to regulate menstruation can reduce the amount of menstrual bleeding by about 30%, currently Daying-35 and MaFuLong are used more in clinical practice. In addition, for menstrual disorders caused by ovarian cysts, it is possible to try taking the pill orally for 3 months to see if the cysts will disappear (Mafulon) after excluding the contraindications. Clinicians must be reminded that there are differences in the use of contraceptives and sex hormone replacement therapy. The difference is that the composition and dosage of estrogen is different. It is best to monitor endocrine hormones to guide contraceptive pill application or sex hormone artificial cycle/replacement therapy if available. For patients who require long-term use of the pill to treat menstrual disorders, the pill can be continued until the natural age of menopause, 50 years, after which the decision to give sex hormone replacement therapy is based on the endocrine hormone levels and the specific situation. With all of the above, it is easy to see that the short-acting pill can be very useful in the treatment of menstrual disorders after an alternative approach. Let’s summarize again, in addition to contraception, short-acting contraceptives are also used in the following areas: 1. dysfunctional uterine bleeding 2. excessive menstruation 3. polycystic ovary syndrome 4. endometriosis 5. primary dysmenorrhea 6. functional ovarian cysts 7. amenorrhea (hypergonadotropic amenorrhea) 8. menopause, etc. However, it is important to realize that not all women can use short-acting contraceptives. Contraindications to the pill include: mainly thrombotic disease, cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease, hypertension), hormone-dependent tumors, acute and chronic hepatitis, nephritis, suspected or known pregnancy, low menstruation, people older than 40 years old, smokers, etc. Some women are also concerned about what happens if they accidentally conceive during menstrual adjustment. There is a consensus among experts that the pill has no significant effect on embryonic development when taken within the first 4 weeks after the last menstrual period, and that it has teratogenic effects when taken from the 5th to the 10th week of the last menstrual period. In addition, those who have plans to have children can consider pregnancy immediately after stopping short-acting contraceptive pills, which does not affect the growth and development of the offspring, without stopping the pill for 3-6 months. (Long-acting contraceptives require pregnancy after 6 months of discontinuation).