Funnel chest Children with funnel chest mostly present with a sunken anterior chest, forward shoulders, a slightly hunched back and a protruding epigastrium. Hazards: The funnel chest often leads to a reduction in thoracic volume, restricted lung development, and a significant reduction in forceful expiratory volume and maximum ventilation, which often results in a thin, immobile child who is prone to upper respiratory tract infections and limited mobility. If the funnel chest deformity compresses the heart and lungs, the heart is mostly shifted to the left side of the chest cavity, and the child suffers from panic attacks, shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing during activities. Scoliosis is more pronounced in patients after puberty. This may be because of the compression of the heart and lungs by the funnel chest and scoliosis, which impairs the respiratory and circulatory functions, resulting in a shorter survival time and death before the age of 40. In addition to this, there is a significant impact on personality development and a heavy mental burden on the child. Treatment: The best treatment is minimally invasive NUSS surgery (orthopedic plate placement surgery); calcium supplementation is not effective. Indications for surgery: Progressive worsening of funnel chest, Haller CT index ≥ 3.25 and/or funnel chest leading to respiratory symptoms and abnormal cardiopulmonary function, best treatment age is 2-12 years old at preschool. orthopedic satisfaction rate exceeds 98% within 16 years of age. Minimally invasive surgery (NUSS surgery) is performed under thoracoscopic guidance by surgically implanting a tailor-made metal plate through a small incision to push outward the sternal depression to do corrective surgery all the inwardly concave deformed rib cartilage is also pushed outward with the metal plate, which has good shaping effect and avoids the trauma and pain caused to the child by previous major surgeries such as sternal reversal. Pigeon chest Pigeon chest is a deformity in which the sternum bulges forward. Most scholars believe that it is caused by overgrowth of the ribs and rib cartilage, and that the deformity of the sternum is secondary to the rib deformity. As with funnel chest, it is genetically related. Hazards: Patients with corpus cavernosum have forward protrusion of the thoracic ribs, which increases the anterior and posterior diameter of the thorax, reduces the volume of the thorax, and restricts lung development; the elasticity of lung tissue decreases, leading to weakened respiratory amplitude, poor exercise tolerance, low resistance, and some patients experience shortness of breath, weakness, susceptibility to bronchitis or pneumonia, etc., and even seriously affects cardiopulmonary function. In addition to the mental burden and character effects caused by the deformity, the damage to the respiratory and circulatory functions caused by the deformity itself also requires surgical correction. Treatment: Minimally invasive sternal sinker with orthopedic plate placement (modified NUSS surgery) surgical treatment, 2-12 years old is the best age, within 16 years old orthopedic satisfaction rate of 98.5%. after 2 years old calcium supplementation treatment is not effective!