Recently, our thoracic surgery department successfully performed surgical treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy for an elderly female patient, achieving good results and freeing the patient from years of pain, and filling the gap in the surgical treatment of cardiomyopathy in our hospital. In 2008, she underwent a cardiac ultrasound examination and was found to have “localized septal thickening and left ventricular outflow tract stenosis”; in 2009, the results of the repeat cardiac ultrasound still indicated septal thickening and left ventricular outflow tract stenosis. In 2009, the results of the repeat cardiac ultrasound still indicated septal thickening and left ventricular outflow tract stenosis, resulting in a differential pressure of about 32 mmHg (normal people do not have a significant differential pressure); since then, she has been going to outside hospitals, but no significant effect was achieved, and her symptoms gradually worsened, and last year, the symptoms became more obvious, and she experienced significant panic and shortness of breath when she slowly climbed 2 floors. The diagnosis was “hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy” and surgery was recommended, so she sought out Professor Wang Zhinong of the Department of Thoracic Surgery at our hospital. Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is an autosomal dominant disease that can manifest as asymmetric hypertrophy of the ventricular septum, especially in the left ventricular surface of the septum. The highly hypertrophied septum protruding into the left ventricular cavity leads to significant narrowing and obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract and increased resistance to blood flow, which further leads to increased left heart load, myocardial hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, and myocardial ischemia; at the same time, the narrowed left ventricular outflow tract leads to accelerated blood flow, which can significantly strain the mitral valve and cause incomplete closure; eventually, patients may suffer from significant cardiac insufficiency, chest pain, and even sudden death. In severe cases, sudden death may even occur. When hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is clearly diagnosed, it is usually treated with medical drugs. However, drug treatment can only relieve the symptoms, but cannot correct the pathological changes of myocardial structure. When the hypertrophy is severe, the obstructive symptoms are obvious, and drug treatment is not effective, surgical treatment becomes the most effective means to relieve the patient’s condition. The surgical procedure involves removing the hypertrophied left ventricular outflow tract myocardium, relieving the obstruction, and repairing the mitral valve that may be regurgitating. During the procedure, great attention needs to be paid to the extent and depth of myocardial resection: if too little is resected, the obstruction will not be completely relieved and the procedure will not achieve satisfactory results; if too much is resected, serious complications such as atrioventricular block, ventricular septal perforation, and aortic valve insufficiency will be easily caused. At the same time, because the resection path is through the aortic incision, the exposure is difficult, the visualization range is small, and the operation needs to be performed under a reflective mirror, which requires very high resection techniques. After the surgery, the patient is also prone to a variety of very dangerous complications such as diastolic dysfunction, low cardiac output, multiple organ failure, and cardiac arrest, etc. The operation is so risky that even experienced doctors are on thin ice. In order to maximize the success rate of the operation and reduce the risk, Professor Wang Zhinong drew up a special treatment plan for Auntie Shan. After more than ten days of careful preoperative preparation, her general condition improved significantly. On March 18, 2013, after nearly 6 hours of hard work, the operation was successful and the patient was immediately admitted to the ICU of the Thoracic Surgery Department for close monitoring, with the treatment team Ten days later, Auntie Shan was discharged from the hospital with a smooth recovery. Before her discharge, Auntie Shan was all smiles because her cardiac ultrasound showed that the left ventricular outflow tract was clear and free of obstruction, and the replaced artificial mitral valve was working well. When she was discharged from the hospital, Auntie Shan said excitedly, “Thank you for the thoracic surgery department of Changzheng Hospital, Professor Wang and all the thoracic surgeons, you have given me a second life”!