Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common symptoms in gynecology, which refers to pain and swelling in the lower abdomen before and after menstruation or during menstruation, accompanied by lumbar pain or other discomforts, and the degree of severity of dysmenorrhea can affect the quality of daily life and work. Dysmenorrhea is categorized into primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Secondary dysmenorrhea is usually caused by organic pelvic diseases, such as endometriosis and adenomyosis. Secondary dysmenorrhea should be considered according to the patient’s age, symptoms, lesion location and scope and other systemic conditions, and the doctor’s examination to confirm which gynecological disease. If it is caused by adenomyosis or endometriosis, sex hormone treatment to control the onset of menstruation or reduce the amount of menstruation is effective in relieving the pain. For women with fertility requirements, pregnancy can be relieved as soon as possible after symptomatic treatment with medication. For patients without fertility requirements or near menopause, conservative treatments, such as Mann-Monitoring Ring, oral Chinese medicine and physical therapy, are used to relieve dysmenorrhea. If the condition is more serious and the drug conservative treatment is unsatisfactory, surgical treatment can be used. Secondary dysmenorrhea patients should pay attention to contraception, less abortion scraping surgery, to avoid aggravating the symptoms of dysmenorrhea. If secondary dysmenorrhea occurs, it is recommended to go to the hospital for a clear diagnosis, so as to get the right treatment for the right cause.