Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease associated with the loss of bone calcium in the body, which can easily lead to fractures, low back pain, shortening of height, and hunchback deformity. It is especially likely to occur in postmenopausal women. Calcium supplementation is one of the basic methods for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis, and the recommended daily calcium intake for postmenopausal women and the elderly is 1000mg. 1, food supplement: the daily calcium requirement of human body is best supplemented by natural food, reasonable and adequate intake of calcium from food and promote calcium absorption, is very important to prevent osteoporosis. Calcium content (mg / 100g) is relatively high food milk (104), tofu (164), egg yolk (112), black sesame (780), peanut (284), kelp (348), nori (264), black fungus (247), shrimp (991), shrimp (555), sea cucumber (285), loach (299) and black tea (378), green tea ( 325), pepper (693), etc. Milk is high in calcium, but some people have diarrhea after drinking it, which is due to the lack of lactase in the body, so other foods with high calcium content can be used. Meat does not contain high calcium, and fish itself does not contain high calcium, unless vinegar is added during cooking to make calcium free from fish bones or meat with bones, or to make bones brittle while taking, which can improve calcium content. Scientific arrangement of daily meals, balanced nutrition, frequent outdoor activities and increased sun exposure can promote calcium absorption. Smoking, alcoholism, excessive consumption of carbonated beverages can accelerate calcium loss. 2.Medicinal supplement: According to the diet structure of Oriental people, calcium intake from diet alone is often insufficient, and the daily calcium intake from food is about 400mg. Therefore, for postmenopausal women, the elderly, adolescents and so on, the intake of calcium from the diet alone is not enough, often need to take medicine to supplement. There is a dizzying variety of calcium supplements on the market today. Synthetic calcium includes calcium carbonate, calcium citrate (or calcium citrate), calcium chloride, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium phosphate, calcium gluconate, calcium oxide, calcium amino acids, etc. Natural calcium includes various animal bone powder or calcined from animal shells, and this calcined calcium is mostly a mixture of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and other trace elements. When choosing calcium supplements, pay attention to the calcium content and its absorption rate. The higher calcium content (%) is calcium carbonate (40%), calcium phosphate (40%), calcium lactate is 13%, calcium gluconate is 9%, and calcium citrate is 8%. Calcium must be absorbed in the body in the form of calcium ions, the human body absorbs all kinds of calcium ions provided by calcium supplements are between 30-40%, there is no high absorption rate of more than 90%, unless it is animal experiments plus artificial design. Choose calcium also pay attention to any adverse reactions, such as gastrointestinal irritation, constipation. Some calcium supplements contain a lot of heavy metal ions, which are harmful to the human body when taken for a long time. In addition, some people worry that long-term calcium supplementation will lead to more stones, but in fact, there is no need to worry. It has been reported that calcium supplementation of 1500mg/day for 4 years has a lower incidence of stones than people with insufficient calcium intake. At present, it is generally considered safe to take less than 2000mg of calcium per day. Calcium supplementation is only the basis for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Calcium supplementation alone is not enough for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis; to make your bones healthier, you must be systematically treated under the guidance of a professional physician!