As one of the three malignant tumors in women’s reproductive tract, cervical cancer is a serious threat to women’s physical and mental health and life, and the incidence and death rate of cervical cancer in China are high, accounting for more than 1/3 of the world’s incidence and death rate. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a precancerous lesion of the cervix, and its development into cervical cancer is a long process (3-20 years), so prevention of cervical cancer can be achieved through early screening and early intervention. Numerous epidemiological and biological data have demonstrated that persistent high-risk human papillomavirus typing (HR-HPV ) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer and CIN, but the persistence of HR-HPV infection, which can eventually lead to cervical cancer, has led to the recognition that cervical cancer is also a specific preventable cancer, and that its infection is a sign of possible disease. Studies have shown that the sensitivity of HR-HPV combined with TCT for CIN II/III and cervical cancer detection can reach 96% to 100%; the use of HPV-DNA typing test combined with cervical cytology screening is crucial for early warning of cervical cell cancer tendency, timely detection, prevention and treatment of early cervical cancer. Cervical cancer screening should be started 3 years after the start of sexual intercourse and should be done once a year if cervical cytology smear is used for screening, or once every 2 years if liquid-based cytology is used for screening. Women aged ≥30 years may be screened every 2 to 3 years if no abnormality has been detected on 3 consecutive formal screenings (except for those with a history of cervical cancer or CIN, intrauterine application of hexestrol, or an immunodeficiency status, such as HIV infection). Screening with cytology combined with high-risk HPV testing may be repeated at least 3 years later when no abnormality is detected by either method. Cervical cytology (TCT) and high-risk HPV testing: colposcopy is an option at age ≥30 years when cytology results are not abnormal and high-risk HPV is positive. If the results are negative, the cytology and high-risk HPV test should be repeated after 1 year, and if the cytology results are abnormal after 1 year, follow-up treatment should be performed according to the corresponding abnormal cytology results regardless of the HPV test results. If no abnormalities are found in either case, re-screening may be performed after 3 years. Colposcopy + biopsy is only used for patients with abnormal cervical cytology or HPV, for patients with abnormal cervical pre-cancer screening, for further examination to confirm the diagnosis, and is not part of routine gynecological check-ups, having seen many private hospitals perform colposcopy for all patients with cervical erosion ~ Leep procedure or cervical conization is used for patients with cervical pre-cancer, i.e. cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), not for common Celiac disease.