Mr. Zhu, a patient who lives in Pudong, came to the hospital with frequent symptoms of high fever, chills and diarrhea in the last half month. When he was first admitted to the hospital, he requested gastroenterology treatment. The gastroenterologist followed the conventional treatment and found that the results were not good and began to suspect that there were other more hidden lesions. When an abnormality was detected during a cardiac ultrasound examination, an urgent consultation with Prof. Huimin Fan of the Cardiac Surgery Department was requested, and the patient was confirmed to have infective endocarditis and transferred to the Heart Failure Unit for further treatment. In the heart failure unit, the doctor started a comprehensive search for the root cause of the disease while treating the patient. The patient was eventually found to have multiple coexisting diseases: the patient was born with congenital bilobed aortic valve malformation (normal human heart has three lobed aortic valves, but the patient was born with only two lobes), and long-term untreated caused the valve to start calcification and made the aortic channel that used to supply blood to the whole body start to become smaller and smaller, seriously affecting the blood supply to the whole body. After a long period of such changes, the large vessels distal to the stenotic valve eventually become severely enlarged and the vessel walls become so thin that they are extremely susceptible to rupture leading to life-threatening vessel rupture. As a result of valve damage, bacteria in the blood attach and grow on it, causing a series of symptoms such as hair bypass. Once this disease occurs, it is difficult to heal with medication alone, and the mortality rate is extremely high. Due to the severity of the patient’s lesions, the heart failure specialist transferred him to cardiac surgery after adequate anti-infection treatment in the early stage. After adequate preoperative preparation, a valve as well as large vessel reconstruction surgery (Bentall’s procedure, i.e., reconstruction of the aortic valve annulus with aortic valve and ascending aortic prosthesis replacement and left and right coronary artery grafting) was performed in early April under general anesthesia in extracorporeal circulation by the dean. The situation during the operation was worse than expected before the operation: the patient’s ascending aorta was dilated to 65 mm; not only was the aortic valve bilobed, thickened and calcified with intersecting adhesions, but most seriously, the aortic valve leaflet between the left and right coronary artery openings was perforated, and the infection was so severe that the annulus was destroyed and pus was present around it; this operation was technically demanding for the surgeon: when performing the prosthetic The implantation of the prosthetic valve tube requires an absolutely sterile environment, otherwise the implanted prosthetic annulus and coronary artery will be re-infected, and the bacteria produced by the secondary infection cannot be eradicated, which, if it occurs, will basically cause the patient’s death. The patient’s infected endocarditis was accompanied by multiple redundancies and leaflet adhesions under the heart valve ring, which made the surgery extremely difficult. After nearly 6 hours of effort by the entire surgical team, the surgery was successfully completed.