When I was in the clinic, I often encountered many small children with stomach pains. They range from a few months old to a 10-year-old junior high school student. Either they are in pain, or they are holding their hands over their stomachs with painful expressions. Parents are often more anxious. So what can cause abdominal pain? What can parents do at home? When is it necessary to go to the hospital? What might be examined at the hospital? First, the possible causes of abdominal pain are different for children of different ages, and there are dozens of diseases that can cause abdominal pain. When a child has abdominal pain, he or she needs to be observed for vomiting and diarrhea, the nature and frequency of stools, and any accompanying symptoms such as fever, dyspnea, and poor spirits. For children younger than half a year old, the possible manifestation of abdominal pain is paroxysmal crying. In addition, children younger than 4 years of age are not accurate in their localization of abdominal pain, and it is often the case that “headache refers to the foot and foot pain refers to the head”. Therefore, parents should observe carefully at home and ask their children patiently to facilitate the examination during the consultation and to shorten the consultation time appropriately. Secondly, what kind of situation requires a hospital visit? If the child is a kindergartener or elementary school student and has abdominal pain that occurs intermittently for less than a week, with paroxysms that quickly resolve on their own, the child can usually be seen during normal clinic hours. If your child is younger than 3 months old, if he/she has frequent vomiting, diarrhea, or bloody stools, if he/she has high fever, if he/she has poor mental health, or if he/she has headache or cough, he/she should be seen as soon as possible. Of course, if the child is already in kindergarten or elementary school and has sudden abdominal pain, be sure to ask the child if he or she has had a bowel movement today, and if not, assist with the bowel movement and then observe. If he or she does not have a bowel movement, ask him or her if he or she has a bowel movement today and then observe him or her. Finally, if the child does need to go to the hospital. The first thing to do is to calm the child, because children are more emotionally distressed when they have abdominal pain. A relatively stable mood of the child and parents is more conducive to the doctor’s consultation and examination, and to make a preliminary judgment as soon as possible. Possible tests include abdominal ultrasound, blood tests, standing abdominal plain film, air enema, gastroscopy and so on. Assisting the child to cooperate with various tests as soon as possible can clarify the diagnosis more quickly. Simply put, although it is a simple tummy ache, there is a lot that parents need to do. Rather than simply stopping the pain, care plus patience and reasoning are needed to help the child identify the cause and relieve the abdominal pain as soon as possible.