From the current scientific research and known evidence, the etiology of trigeminal neuralgia is the following: i. Tumor compression factors: there is strong etiological evidence, and it is highly recommended that surgery is preferred for trigeminal neuralgia caused by tumor compression. Second, vascular compression factors: there is evidence of etiology, medical treatment is ineffective, and the trigeminal nerve is significantly compressed by blood vessels as confirmed by cranial MR, trigeminal nerve microvascular decompression is preferred. Local inflammatory irritation factor: if there is evidence of etiology, medical treatment is ineffective, and the trigeminal nerve is confirmed to be not significantly vascularly compressed by cranial MR, trigeminal nerve hemianoplasty is preferred. IV. Herpes zoster virus infection factor: with strong etiological evidence, early standardized medical treatment is recommended.