Since the specific mechanism of myopia onset is still unclear, it is not possible to establish effective preventive and curative measures to minimize the occurrence and slow down the development of myopia. Even so, we should not give up the active prevention and treatment of myopia, starting from the environmental factors closely related to myopia, paying attention to eye hygiene, actively improving the eye environment and eye nutrition, and reducing visual fatigue. Among them, the following points are worth noting: (a) develop good reading and writing habits and maintain a correct posture, eyes not less than 25-30 centimeters away from the books, do not read in the sports car, every continuous reading for about half an hour should take a break of 5 minutes (it is best to close your eyes and rest for a while). (ii) Reduce the burden of study, avoid reading, writing, surfing the Internet, typing, watching TV, playing video games, staying up late, etc. for a long time, and keep enough sleep. When using the computer, you should blink your eyes more often or take a few minutes’ rest with your eyes closed every half an hour. (C) Improve the visual environment, such as proper lighting (not too dark or too bright), improve the contrast of the eyes, increase the size of the object being viewed, and reduce the details and stroboscopic changes of the object being viewed. (d) Improve physical fitness and strengthen physical exercise. Insist on doing eye exercises. (E) Pay attention to nutrition, eat more fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin A and vitamin C. (F) Do regular vision checkups and follow-up visits. (G) in the positive prevention of myopia with once found myopia, parents should first lead the child to the hospital for eye examination, ruled out other eye diseases, for dilated optometry (less than 16 years old) if possible, should also be medical optometry. The younger the child, the more it is emphasized that before the first lens must be dilated optometry, through dilated optometry can identify myopia is true or pseudomyopia. Pseudomyopia usually does not require eyeglasses and can be improved with some relaxation. If it is true myopia, it indicates that the child’s eye axis has grown, and there is no clinically proven method to effectively treat this type of axial myopia. Therefore, parents should take active corrective treatment according to the active needs of their children’s life and study. Hospitals with the conditions can conduct medical optometry, combined with the relationship between the hidden oblique and adjustment, the collection and pupil distance, the main eye and the balance of both eyes and other factors, to give a good and reasonable prescription, minimize visual fatigue, so that the glasses feel more comfortable to wear.