The testicles are an important male reproductive organ, or gonad, whose main function is to produce sperm and androgens, and which determines whether a boy will have normal sexual function and fertility when he grows up. As a parent, from the first cry of a boy after birth, you should carefully touch his scrotum to see if there are two testicles the size of small peanuts in the scrotum. The development of the genitalia is slow and infantile during childhood, and when puberty occurs, the internal and external genital organs develop rapidly under the influence of endocrine secretion. Compared to other body systems, the reproductive system matures in a relatively short period of time and emerges with significant gender characteristics. During this period, significant changes occur in the reproductive organs, as well as the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics and seminal emission. If children do not know this knowledge, it may bring serious psychological fear or concern, which often affects the physical and mental health of adolescents. If parents turn a blind eye to their children’s physiological changes and do not hear, ask or observe them, it will be too late to regret when there is a problem or the problem is serious. Many parents do not understand the normal development process of their children’s reproductive organs and take it for granted that if their children’s height and intellectual development are fine, they will not have any problems with their reproductive organs. Some parents also blindly believe that their children are small and that reproductive health is something they will talk about when they grow up, not knowing whether their children’s reproductive organs are developing normally. Some even go to the hospital only after marriage when sexual impotence and fertility problems arise, delaying treatment. The number of patients with abnormal development of reproductive organs tends to increase due to environmental toxicity factors and contamination with chemically toxic substances in food. Parents are the closest to their children, so the family should be the first classroom for sex education. Parents should not only guide their children’s sexual health correctly, but also make their children feel loved by their parents and conduct regular health checkups for them. Adolescent parents can usually observe whether their children have any abnormalities in urination and whether they have breast development, the presence of testicles in the scrotum, and pay attention to whether they have combined problems such as hypospadias and cryptorchidism. In addition, micropenis syndrome is often accompanied by conditions such as poor sense of smell, early deafness, poor eyesight and color blindness. It is also important to observe whether the child has physical phenomena such as morning penile erection and seminal emission as well as psychological problems in life. The causes of gonadal dysgenesis are complex, from congenital genetic aspects to acquired nutritional and disease factors. Congenital factors are: 1. Congenital physical factors: their parents or relatives often also have delayed growth and sexual development. Generally height development and puberty start 3-4 years later than children of the same age. 2. Pituitary gonadotropin abnormalities: manifested as short and fat body and poorly developed sexual organs. 3.Congenital thyrotropin deficiency: commonly known as cretinism, in addition to short body, there is also mental retardation. 4.Congenital gonadotropin deficiency: Mainly sexual organ dysplasia. 5. Congenital gonadal dysgenesis: In addition to short body, it is often accompanied by other congenital skeletal forms. Acquired factors are also multifaceted and often directly related to diseases, such as schistosomiasis, nutritional and metabolic disorders, encephalitis, traumatic brain injury, tumors of the pituitary gland, etc. If parents suspect signs of delayed puberty in their children, they should seek prompt medical attention. For the treatment of male hypogonadism, chorionic gonadotropin and testosterone replacement therapy are traditionally applied to promote the development of sexual organs and secondary sexual characteristics by supplementing patients with androgens. In recent years, hypogonadal hypogonadism has been treated with synthetic GnRH, and some patients have not only developed secondary sexual characteristics, but also enlarged testicles, increased libido, penis erection, and even ejaculation; some patients have found active sperm in their semen, giving them hope for fertility. Although there have been great advances in the treatment of dysplasia, the key to the problem is early detection, timely diagnosis and treatment plan. Treatment of sexual dysplasia is time-sensitive, and the ideal time for treatment is usually before the end of puberty. After a certain age, the opportunity for treatment is lost. Therefore, we sincerely hope that parents will care about their children and consult with the hospital in time when they find out the situation.