Prevention of infected stones

  1. Low calcium and low phosphorus diet is recommended. Aluminum hydroxide or aluminum carbonate gel can combine with phosphorus ions in the small intestine to form insoluble aluminum phosphate, thus reducing intestinal absorption of phosphorus and excretion of urinary phosphorus.  For amyl phosphate and carbonate apatite stones caused by urease bacterial infection, the stones should be removed surgically if possible.  2. The use of antibiotics for the treatment of infections based on drug sensitivity tests is recommended. It is emphasized that anti-infection therapy requires an adequate course of medication. At the beginning of antibiotic therapy, the dose of antibiotics is relatively large (therapeutic dose), and the urine is made sterile by 1 to 2 weeks of treatment, after which the drug dose can be halved (maintenance dose) and maintained for 3 months. Attention should be paid to monthly bacterial culture, and if bacteria are found again or the patient has symptoms of urinary tract infection, the drug will be restored to the therapeutic amount to better control the infection.  3. Acidified urine can improve the solubility of phosphate. 1g of amyl chloride, 2-3 times/d or methionine 500rng, 2-3 times/d can be used. 4. Patients with severe infections should use urease inhibitors. Acetohydroxamic acid and hydroxyurea are recommended. The first dose of acetohydroxamic acid is recommended to be 250mg twice a day for 3 to 4 weeks, and if the patient can tolerate it, the dose can be increased by 250mg three times a day.