With the advent of the peak of childbirth, the girls after 80, 90 gradually completed the most important cause of life: marriage and childbirth. The birth of a woman is a big event, due to the long-term lack of exercise before giving birth, and after the birth of the month to sit on the big supplement, many women after the birth of a child symptoms of chest tightness and shortness of breath, reduced activity tolerance, but often do not care, but it is this hidden symptoms lead to a part of young mothers appear obvious shortness of breath, lower limb edema and even fainting, before the final clear diagnosis of “pulmonary hypertension The majority of people hear “pulmonary hypertension”. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a malignant cardiovascular disease characterized by a progressive increase in small pulmonary artery remodeling and pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to right heart failure and even death. Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension The incidence of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension is only 1-3.5 per million population in developed countries, but pulmonary hypertension due to related diseases, including rheumatic diseases, left heart diseases, and precordial diseases, is not uncommon. Changes in sex hormone levels and genetic variations may be two possible plausible explanations. However, the role of sex hormones in PAH has also been reported to be multifaceted, with a proportion of studies considering estrogen as a risk factor. Patients with PAH commonly experience changes in a large number of hormones during or shortly after pregnancy, suggesting that PAH is associated with estrogen exposure. Foreign studies have reported pulmonary vascular endothelial injury associated with estrogen exposure, and many cases of PAH have been reported in perinatal women and women taking pharmacological hormone therapy, and one scholar reported a 64-year-old woman from a PAH family who developed PAH after 3 months of hormone replacement therapy. These results suggest an association between PAH and estrogen exposure. However, some studies have also shown that estrogen is not a risk factor or even a protective factor. In the clinic, we encounter many young mothers who have a significant decrease in activity tolerance after childbirth, and symptoms of chest tightness and shortness of breath after climbing two floors. However, most of the patients did not care about it at first, suspecting that it was due to postpartum obesity or failure to recover from menstruation. Some patients even develop severe right heart failure, which is life-threatening. Although the complex relationship between gender, pregnancy, sex hormones and pulmonary hypertension is not yet completely clear, the fact that PAH patients mostly involve women is a clear feature, suggesting a close link between sex hormones and pathogenesis. For the general public, what we can do is not to ignore the symptoms of postpartum shortness of breath, raise awareness of the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension, early screening, early diagnosis and early treatment, so that young mothers can enjoy the best stage of their lives!