Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by recurrent episodes of severe pain within the distribution of the trigeminal nerve on one side of the face. With trigeminal neuralgia, the pain does not usually go beyond the midline. Each attack may last from a few seconds to 1-2 minutes and then stop abruptly, with intervals as normal. The condition may gradually worsen and the number of pain attacks may become more frequent, or even one attack in a few minutes, resulting in more than one day. The pain can be triggered by touching the skin of the patient’s face. In severe cases, patients are afraid to wash their faces, brush their teeth or even chew, and rely on small amounts of liquid or semi-liquid food to maintain nutrition throughout the day, which seriously affects the quality of life. About 70% of patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia are due to the pulsatile compression of the trigeminal sensory roots into the pontine brain. According to this theory, medical experts carry out microvascular decompression, by applying microsurgical techniques, remove the blood vessels compressing the nerve, and place decompression materials between the nerve and the blood vessels to achieve the disappearance of facial pain after surgery. Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia is minimally invasive, safe, does not damage the nerve, preserves the integrity and physiological function of the trigeminal nerve, and preserves facial sensation after surgery, and has now become the preferred method for treating trigeminal neuralgia. In addition, secondary trigeminal neuralgia, as opposed to primary, mostly belongs to obvious organic factors and functional lesions such as tumor compression, inflammation, and vascular malformation. Cranial nerve decompression, also known as microvascular decompression, involves making an incision behind the affected ear, along the edge of the hairline, where the nerve is separated from the blood vessels. The blood vessels compressing the trigeminal nerve are cushioned away from the trigeminal nerve with a special material under the operating microscope. The entire procedure is completed in 40 minutes to 1 hour with little to no damage to the patient’s nerve and brain tissue. The average hospital stay is 6-8 days.