Thrombolytic drugs for cerebral infarction include streptokinase, urokinase, alteplase, teneplase, and others.
Thrombolysis is one of the treatments for patients with cerebral infarction within the time window. It is the intravenous input of drugs to dissolve the emboli blocking the blood vessels, thus restoring the blood supply at an early stage, shortening the time of ischemic damage, restoring the ischemic tissues that are reversibly damaged, and reducing the neurological damage. However, life-threatening events such as hemorrhage may occur with thrombolysis, and it is necessary to be evaluated by a medical professional to determine whether thrombolysis should be performed.
Thrombolytic drugs for cerebral infarction have been developed for three generations:
1. The first generation: streptokinase and urokinase, which have no specificity for thrombolysis, are also widely used for thrombolysis in myocardial infarction, with the disadvantage of a lower opening rate and a higher incidence of bleeding. At present, it is less used clinically.
2. Second generation: alteplase, belongs to specific thrombolytic drug, short half-life, about 3~8 minutes, its opening rate for cerebral infarction is greatly improved, and the bleeding rate is lowered, it is the thrombolytic drug recommended by domestic and foreign guidelines with clear priority, and the clinical data are perfect.
3. Third generation: Reteplase, also belongs to specific osmotic thrombolytic drugs, the thrombolytic speed is faster than the second generation of thrombolytic drugs, the half-life is longer, about 13~16 minutes, the current clinical data is less, to be further researched and clinical certification.
The use and selection of thrombolytic drugs must be based on the patient’s condition by a professional doctor to develop an individualized treatment plan to improve the survival rate of patients and reduce the risk.