Synovial membrane: Many large joints in the human body are synovial joints (e.g., shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, etc.). These joints have normal synovial membranes that secrete joint fluid to lubricate the joints and also help to cleanse the joints of impurities and purify them. As a simple example, if you compare the capsule around a joint (joint capsule) to a coat, the synovial membrane is the “fur lining” on the inside of the coat, which is both comfortable and warm. The synovial membrane is directly related to the function of the joints. Damage to the synovial membrane can lead directly to joint pathology. Synovitis: The synovial membrane is irritated or damaged, resulting in an inflammatory reaction, synovial hyperplasia, and increased secretion of exudate, leading to swelling and fluid accumulation in the joint, and in severe cases, redness and heat in the joint and severe pain. Causes of synovitis: infections (bacterial, viral, fungal, etc.), trauma, immune diseases (rheumatoid, ankylosing spondylitis, etc.), joint degeneration (inflammatory factor stimulation), etc. Diagnosis of synovitis: joint swelling and fluid accumulation, synovial hyperplasia can be diagnosed as synovitis. However, the diagnosis of synovitis alone is not clinically helpful or meaningful. The key is that the causative agent must be found. If it is an infection, the infection must be fought. If it is rheumatoid, anti-rheumatoid drugs must be applied. And so on. However, in clinical practice, the cause of synovitis cannot be found in some patients and can only be treated according to the doctor’s experience, and the efficacy is difficult to guarantee. Treatment of synovitis: 1. Treat the cause – treat the root cause: If the cause is clear, treatment should be directed at the cause. Bacterial infections should be treated with antibiotics. Those with immune diseases should be treated with anti-immune therapy. This is the key measure to cure the disease; 2. Symptomatic treatment – treat the symptoms: reduce the inflammatory response. In the acute stage, joint activities should be reduced to ease the burden on the joints. If the swelling is severe, joint aspiration can be performed, and medication can be given at the same time. Cold therapy (icing) should be given to those with red and hot joints. Oral and topical anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs (e.g. Fotarine, Fenbuterol, Anti-inflammatory pain, Cialis, etc.) can be used. 3, a small number of patients with conservative treatment does not work, you can consider surgery. Joint irrigation and irrigation or arthroscopic synovial debridement can be performed. If your doctor gives you the diagnosis of “synovitis”, then you must ask your doctor again: What exactly is the cause of my synovitis? What is the cause? Only when the root cause is found can you be cured.