Congenital microphthalmia and anophthalmia are rare clinical abnormalities of ocular development. It is usually combined with other ocular developmental abnormalities. It is often an ocular manifestation of a generalized syndrome. The incidence of congenital microphthalmia is 1.5-19/10,000, and the incidence of congenital anophthalmia is 0.18-0.4/10,000, in which the basic structures of the eye cannot be observed by visual or imaging examination. congenital microphthalmia and anophthalmia may cause abnormalities in the development of the affected orbit and face. Currently, the treatment for congenital microphthalmos and anophthalmos is very outdated in China. The general approach is to remove the aphakic microphthalmia and implant a prosthetic table in 1 or 2 stages. In the case of anophthalmia, the prosthesis is implanted directly. The constant size of the prosthetic table is not compatible with the growth pattern of the eye and therefore cannot adequately stimulate orbital development. A large number of clinical and experimental studies abroad have demonstrated that the effect of prosthetic tables on stimulating orbital and facial development is questionable. At the same time, it is believed abroad that even if the child’s eye is small, early eye removal surgery cannot be performed. This is because the small orbital orbits interact with each other and their presence facilitates the normal development of the orbits. There is a set of advanced treatment methods abroad for different cases of congenital microphthalmia and anophthalmia. Through the cooperation with Aier Yingzhi Eye Hospital, we have introduced foreign advanced surgical techniques and surgical materials to develop a set of specific treatment methods suitable for children in China. The specific treatments will be introduced to you one after another in future articles. In the treatment of congenital microphthalmia and anophthalmia, the standardized production and reasonable wearing of prosthetic eyes are particularly important. Therefore, we have cooperated with the most famous Liying Activity Prosthetic Eye Center in China to make and wear prosthetic eyes for many children with eye extraction and congenital microphthalmia and anophthalmia. This has not only achieved a good treatment purpose, but also solved the cosmetic problems that plagued these children.