Cochlear implants, also known as electronic cochlear implants, are currently an effective treatment for profoundly profound hearing loss. Although cochlear implants are a relatively safe procedure, they are invasive and can have complications just like any other surgery. Overall, cochlear implants are relatively safe, have a low complication rate, and most have a good prognosis. Especially for experienced surgeons, complications are minimal. 1. Anesthesia accidents: Anesthesia accidents can occur just like any other general anesthesia. 2, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents: general anesthesia and surgical stimulation may occur cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents; especially in elderly patients. 3, intraoperative bleeding: such as injury to the sigmoid sinus, jugular venous bulb and internal carotid artery may occur intraoperative bleeding in large amounts, requiring blood transfusion, such rare occurrence worldwide. 4. Cerebrospinal fluid welling up after cerebrospinal fluid auricular and nasal leakage, combined with meningitis Cerebrospinal fluid welling up often occurs in patients with severe inner ear malformations, such as cochlear vestibular common cavity, Mondini inner ear malformation, etc. Enlargement of the cochlear aqueduct and the presence of a sinus tract between the cochlear aqueduct and the inner ear canal may be responsible for the presence of a well-spout. After the occurrence of cerebrospinal fluid wellsprings, the cochleostomy can be treated with tight closure and other treatments, and the majority of patients will not experience complications of cerebrospinal fluid ear leakage. Patients should be instructed to avoid any sudden increase in intracranial pressure after surgery, such as sneezing, strenuous exercise, prolonged head down and head trauma, to avoid delayed cerebrospinal fluid leakage. When cerebrospinal fluid leakage is clearly present, surgical exploration should be performed in time to find the leak and close it, while more sensitive antibiotics can be used to prevent meningitis through the blood-brain barrier. For recalcitrant meningitis, the possibility that the cochlear implant has become a focus of infection should be considered, and the implant should be removed if necessary. Facial nerve problems: (1) Facial nerve exposure injury and facial nerve palsy Facial nerve palsy after cochlear implantation is a serious complication, and the incidence of facial nerve injury is very low, about 0.3-1.7%. Facial nerve injury can occur directly when the posterior tympanic fossa is opened or as a result of thermal injury to the facial nerve caused by the heat generated by the drill near the facial nerve when the posterior tympanic fossa is opened during surgery. A small number of postoperative temporary facial palsy and delayed facial nerve hypofunction can be treated conservatively and can generally be fully recovered, while conservative treatment should be considered for timely facial nerve decompression. (2) Facial nerve stimulation Some patients may experience facial nerve stimulation when the cochlear implant is switched on after surgery. 6. Middle ear mastoiditis and cholesteatoma Otitis media and even cholesteatoma can occur after cochlear implantation, with an incidence of about 0.54% in adults and 0.63% in children. Most patients with otitis media can be cured with conservative treatment. Vertigo and tinnitus Vertigo and tinnitus are the most common mild complications after cochlear implantation. The majority of patients have mild symptoms, and most of them disappear after symptomatic treatment or disappear on their own within a few days. 8. Tympanic membrane perforation and injury to the posterior wall of the external auditory canal and the tympanic cord nerve Tympanic membrane perforation and injury to the posterior wall of the external auditory canal are often caused by the abnormal position of the facial nerve, resulting in a relatively small facial nerve crypt. Injuries to the tympanic nerve can affect the unilateral gustatory function. 9, incision infection, flap necrosis, graft exposure Poor blood flow of the flap, too much skin tension, partial rejection of the implant, incision infection and other factors. 10.Other factors: periorbital edema, epidural hematoma, hematoma formation behind the ear and under the scalp, cerebral infarction, keloid and postoperative infection can lead to thickening of the flap and affect the healing effect. 11. Complications related to the cochlear implantation device: failure to implant the electrode in the cochlea or only partial implantation, electrode displacement, device dysfunction or failure, etc.