Since the introduction of multi-channel cochlear implants to mainland China in May 1995, cochlear implantation in China has developed significantly over the past 15 years. To date, the number of patients who have received cochlear implants in China has accumulated to more than 10,000, of whom more than 90% are children, and this composition is also a major feature of China’s cochlear implantation work. In recent years, rescue programs funded by the state and local governments at all levels, as well as donations from various charitable organizations and individuals, have enabled many hearing-impaired children to receive cochlear implants, benefiting many families, and thus enabling more families of children with hearing loss and the community to recognize and understand cochlear implants. As the children with cochlear implants go to daycare and school, they show good speech and language ability, which further makes the cochlear implants recognized and accepted by more families and the society. At present, with the exception of the Tibet Autonomous Region, more than 60 hospitals in more than 30 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government have carried out cochlear implantation surgeries. The number of cochlear implantation surgeries completed annually in China has entered the forefront of the world. With the popularization of newborn hearing screening year by year, the age of early intervention for hearing impaired children in China is also gradually decreasing, and is developing in the direction of early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention for hearing impairment. The development and popularization of cochlear implantation has also promoted the development and progress of related disciplines such as otology, audiology and speech rehabilitation therapy. So far, more than 20 national designated surgical hospitals have passed strict evaluation and acceptance, more and more hospitals have carried out standardized clinical audiology testing, and the hearing and speech rehabilitation institutions have covered the major large and medium-sized cities in the country. 15 years ago, we have made great achievements in the field of cochlear implantation. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of cochlear implantation, the Otorhinolaryngology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Committee of the Journal of Otorhinolaryngology of the Chinese Medical Association formulated the guidelines for the work of cochlear implantation in 2003, and published the Clinical Technical Operation Standards for Cochlear Implantation issued by the Ministry of Health in 2007, and perfected the standards of diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation of the national (Disabled Persons’ Federation) rescue program in 2008. In addition to domestic hospitals being able to perform routine surgeries, most of the major surgical hospitals are able to perform cochlear implantation surgeries and re-implantation surgeries for a variety of complex cases, and the incidence of surgical complications is very low. As can be seen from the summary of more than 2,000 cases in Formosa Plastics Group’s Qicong program and the National Relief Program, there were only a few cases of surgical complications or surgical failures among all cases, accounting for less than 1% of the total number of cases. This is also a very high surgical success rate in the world. In the field of audiological diagnosis, guest observation and hearing equipment and examination items have been synchronized with those of developed countries, but pediatric behavioral audiometry has not yet been universally carried out. In the past 15 years, although we have completed a large number of surgical cases and carried out a great deal of scientific research and clinical work in the areas of preoperative evaluation and cochlear implantation, there is a great deficiency in the evaluation of postoperative results of implant recipients, especially in the evaluation of children’s acquisition of speech ability. Although it is common to see some units reporting the postoperative hearing and speech rehabilitation effects of children in the domestic literature, it is difficult to compare the results between different units because of the different test materials and test methods used. There are few multicenter studies on the postoperative outcomes of cochlear implantation in Chinese children in international conferences. Obviously, the evaluation of cochlear implant postoperative outcome is lagging behind other aspects of clinical work and is a weak link in the field of cochlear implantation. In our opinion, the main reason for this situation is the lack of test materials and test methods that are consistently recognized by the major research units in China and are applicable to children of different age levels. Unlike the situation in China, the materials and methods for evaluating outcomes related to cochlear implantation are well established in native English-speaking countries, with appropriate test materials and methods for children and adults of different ages. Adults with hearing impairment are usually assessed for auditory ability (speech perception) only. The test is divided into open and closed items. The test items include phonemes, monosyllabic words, bisyllabic words, short sentences and speech recognition in noise. For a long time, some experts at home and abroad have also done a lot of work in Chinese auditory-verbal assessment. In terms of testing materials for adults, as early as 1990, Zhang Hua and others adapted and organized the Chinese version of the English version of the Minimum Auditory Function Test, and edited a set of Chinese Minimum Auditory Function Test Forms for the deaf. Zhang Hua et al. edited the sentence list, monosyllabic word list and bisyllabic word list of the Putonghua speech test. Xi Hearing and others have also established a sentence list for Mandarin Chinese. also established the sentence list, monosyllabic word list and bisyllabic word list of Mandarin Chinese, and carried out the equivalence assessment. Dai Chunfu et al. as well as Zhang Yanhong and Zhang Qinna completed work on speech audiometric word lists for Mandarin and local dialects. In the area of testing materials for deaf children, Sun Xibin et al. compiled the “Chinese Children’s Speech Recognition Lexicon” and the “Deaf Children’s Rehabilitation Auditory Speech Evaluation Lexicon”, which have been widely used in the domestic rehabilitation system for deaf children. Cao Yongmao et al. completed the design of a word list for Mandarin tone discrimination for young children. Wei Zhaogang et ยจ al. developed a set of test materials for children’s speech image recognition. In addition, Fu Qianjie of the House Ear Institute in the United States formulated and developed an auditory speech assessment system for Mandarin Chinese, with applications limited to older children and adults. In terms of the application of questionnaires, Zheng et al. adapted the MAIS test to Chinese and completed the equivalence assessment, and the preliminary results showed that the consistency between the Chinese word lists and the English word lists yielded good results. There are also some units that have directly applied CAP to assess the postoperative effects of cochlear implants. From the current situation in China, it can be seen that many units have done a lot of work in the development of cochlear implant postoperative effect assessment materials and achieved preliminary results. In their recent work on the monosyllabic word list of Mandarin Chinese, Jifei et al. united six hospitals and units to conduct a multi-center retest reliability study. Nevertheless, the test materials developed by each of these units are not yet universally recognized and accepted, especially the lack of a series of test materials for children of different age levels. China is a vast country with huge dialectal differences among regions, and except for a few dialectal test materials such as Cantonese, there are no test materials for different local dialects. In addition, China is also a multi-ethnic country, test materials for minority languages are even more of a gap. However, a perfect post-surgical evaluation system for cochlear implants is a very important part of the professional field of cochlear implants, which will play an important role in the research and development of cochlear implants, the selection of indications, the speech rehabilitation treatment, the evaluation of the integration of hearing impaired children into the mainstream society, and the government’s formulation of policies to promote the attention of the whole society to the disadvantaged groups of the hearing impaired and help them. How to solve the assessment of speech ability of hearing impaired children is an important topic we are facing. Completing the construction of China’s cochlear implant postoperative evaluation system is a difficult task. Whether we can exert the organizational power of the Chinese Medical Association Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Branch and the Editorial Board of this journal, gather the strength of experts from various regions and related specialties, and obtain the support of the Disabled Persons’ Federation, and strive to establish a set of cochlear implant postoperative evaluation system suited to China’s national conditions as early as possible on the basis of the existing research, I hope to cause I hope that this will arouse serious thoughts from all of us.