Perioperative period: also known as the whole period of surgery (pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative), refers to the period from the time the patient is welcomed into the surgical ward to the time the patient is discharged from the hospital after surgery. Depending on the time, it is divided into: pre-operative period, mid-operative period and post-operative period. The following describes the preoperative and postoperative precautions respectively. Pre-operative: 1. Audiological and temporal bone imaging examinations; 2. Routine cardiac, liver, kidney, lung function and blood clotting function examinations; 3. Skin preparation, nail clipping and clean treatment at 6 cm behind the ear on the operated side 1 day before surgery. Clinically, the following communication with the child and parents is also conducted before surgery: because the child is prelingual deaf, has language communication disorder, is relatively withdrawn and paranoid, and has fear of surgery. The medical staff has more contact with the children to gain their trust so that they can accept the surgery and treatment in a good psychological state. Parents should be informed of the importance of cochlear implantation to the child’s hearing and language recovery and the expected efficacy of cochlear implantation, so that they can establish appropriate expectations, and emphasize the importance and long-term nature of post-operative hearing and language rehabilitation training, so that parents can actively cooperate with the treatment. Postoperative care: 1. Monitor vital signs for 6 hours after surgery; 2. If the child is irritable, parents should hold his hands to avoid scratching, which may affect the healing of the incision; closely observe the wound for blood oozing and pain, and apply antibiotics and hemostatic drugs as prescribed by the doctor. Post-operative infection is one of the most important factors leading to implantation failure. Routine postoperative intravenous antibiotics, keep the local dressing dry and clean. 2.Electrode dislodgement: postoperative braking is required for 3 days to reduce the head activity of the child. 3. Lymphatic fistula, vertigo and vaginitis: Since the cochlear implant is inserted in the inner ear drum, it can touch the external lymphatic fluid and stimulate the vagus, resulting in lymphatic fistula and vertigo and vaginitis. 4. Facial palsy: Facial palsy may exist after surgery due to stimulation, compression and exposure of the facial nerve. Postoperatively, observe whether the patient has facial movement disorder and treat it timely. Preliminary introduction of power on and commissioning Post-operative power on refers to the installation of cochlear implant devices and the commissioning of the cochlear implant system by audiology professionals. The start-up time is usually about one month after surgery. During the first month after start-up, the cochlear implant is adjusted once a week for a total of four times. This can be changed to once every two weeks or once a month, depending on the patient’s condition, for a total of 2-3 times. Subsequently, commissioning is done every 3 months for a total of 2-3 times. Finally patients should be followed up by professional institutions every 6 months to a year.