What are the causes of spinal meningioma?

  Spinal meningioma is a benign spinal cord tumor that originates from the arachnoid endothelium or the fibroblasts of the dura mater. Spinal meningiomas can occur in any age group, but the majority occur in the 50-70 age group. 75% to 85% occur in women, and approximately 80% occur in the thoracic spinal cord. Spinal meningiomas are slow growing, have few early symptoms, and generally have a long history. The common first symptom is numbness in the limb corresponding to the site of the tumor, followed by weakness. Spinal meningioma is a benign spinal cord tumor and is treated well by surgical resection. In some patients, although transverse spinal cord damage has occurred, spinal cord function may be restored after tumor removal. The incidence of intradural spinal meningioma in adults is almost similar to that of spinal nerve sheath tumors. Spinal meningiomas can occur in any age group, but the vast majority occur in the 50-70 age group. 75% to 85% occur in women, and approximately 80% occur in the thoracic spinal cord. The upper cervical spine and foramen occipitalis are also frequent sites, where tumors tend to develop ventrally or laterally anteriorly and often adhere to the vertebral artery at the point of entry into the dura or the beginning of the segment. Spinal meningiomas of the lower cervical spine and lumbar region are less common. The vast majority of spinal meningiomas are completely intradural, while approximately 10% of spinal meningiomas grow inside or outside the dura mater, or are completely epidural.  Spinal meningiomas usually occur in the arachnoid capsule around the nerve roots in the vicinity of the dura, which may explain the lateral location of spinal meningiomas. Spinal meningiomas may also originate from fibroblasts in the soft or hard membranes, suggesting a possible origin in the mesodermal tissue.