Trigeminal neuralgia is also known as a painful twitch. It is an episodic, mostly unilateral, transient, paroxysmal, recurrent, severe electric shock-like pain in the area of the facial trigeminal nerve distribution, which in some patients manifests as tooth pain but cannot be relieved after tooth extraction. The pain occurs and terminates abruptly, is asymptomatic during intervals, and often arises spontaneously or can be triggered by washing, smoking, talking, brushing teeth, etc. Trigeminal neuralgia is divided into two types: primary and secondary. Primary trigeminal neuralgia refers to those with no clinical positive neurological signs and no organic lesions on examination; secondary trigeminal neuralgia can be secondary to intracranial inflammation, tumors; rhinogenic, otogenic, odontogenic infections and other diseases. At present, the treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in China still adopts drugs as the first-line treatment. Carbamazepine can relieve pain in 70% of patients, but it is often impossible to adhere to the medication due to its many side effects. Nerve block therapy is a safe and effective treatment for trigeminal neuralgia, and different nerve blocks can often achieve satisfactory results according to the location and extent of the disease. If medication and nerve block do not work, surgical treatment can be considered, such as meniscal ganglion destruction and microvascular decompression. In recent years, minimally invasive interventional treatment – radiofrequency thermal coagulation of the semilunar ganglion – has been developed, with less damage, shorter operation time, lower price than traditional surgery, and more accurate results. Patients with similar symptoms are recommended to go to the pain department of regular hospitals to confirm the diagnosis and choose the appropriate treatment method.