Hereditary dermatoses are skin diseases caused by disease-causing mutant genes that obey the general law of inheritance, i.e., the patients are present in a certain number of proportions in the pro-ancestors’ generation and in the descendants, and are transmitted vertically only between the upper and lower generations of the family, without involving the unrelated individuals of the family. Hereditary skin disorders can be congenital or not manifest until adulthood and include both monogenic and polygenic inheritance. Currently, the causative genes for more than 200 of the 300 hereditary skin diseases have been identified and characterized, making genetic diagnosis of hereditary skin diseases possible. Hereditary skin diseases seriously affect the patient’s appearance and mental health, and some of them are often accompanied by symptoms of other systems such as immune, nerve and blood systems, and in severe cases, they can be fatal. Most of the hereditary skin diseases have no effective treatment, emphasizing prevention as the mainstay, according to China’s maternal and child health care law, advocating prenatal genetic diagnosis, diagnosed as heavy hereditary skin disease affected fetus, terminate pregnancy as early as possible. Our dermatology clinic cooperates with the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to carry out genetic diagnosis of rare and difficult single-gene hereditary skin diseases. At present, we have established a genetic diagnosis method for albinism and other single-gene hereditary dermatoses, specializing in providing clinical diagnosis, genetic counseling and necessary treatment for patients with hereditary dermatoses and susceptible populations, with the following fundamental purposes: 1. Intervention based on genetic diagnosis in order to block the inheritance of the disease in the family; 2. Determination of the gene mutation locus in those who already have the disease in order to guide the treatment of the symptoms and to understand the prognosis; 3, As the basis of prenatal diagnosis to guide eugenics. Patients with hereditary skin diseases will receive a detailed medical history and necessary auxiliary examinations, and 4-8 ml of peripheral blood will be collected, and we will conduct gene mutation screening for suspected causative genes according to the clinical diagnosis and issue genetic diagnosis results. If a known mutation is detected, we will further analyze the family lineage; if a new mutation is detected, we will further identify the pathogenicity of the mutation to rule out polymorphism; if no pathogenic mutation is detected, we will save the DNA for searching for a new possible pathogenic gene.