Hausen, who won the Nobel Prize for discovering HPV as a causative factor in cervical cancer, had no idea that it would create a headache for many patients and leave obstetricians and gynecologists in a state of confusion and helplessness. A virus that has many intermediate subtypes, some of which we call the high-risk group because of its association with cervical cancer. When HPV infection persists can lead to the development of cervical cancer. There is no specific drug to treat the virus infection, HPV combined with TCT can be the first choice for cervical cancer screening, high risk HPV infection only indicates that the patient belongs to the high risk group and needs to be followed up. HPV infection should not be equated with cervical cancer.