Infections of the anus are divided into superficial infections and deep tissue infections, the most common of which is perianal abscess. For superficial abscesses, incision and drainage with intermittent drug changes are an option and can usually be cured early. For deep abscesses, the patient may have significant chills and fever, requiring ultrasound guidance or puncture, pus localization, and also prompt surgical incision and drainage. It is important to avoid damage to the anal sphincter during surgery, as this disease is mainly caused by an infection of the anal sinus, so the internal opening should be located exactly during surgery and hung if necessary. After the surgery, the patient should be changed regularly to observe the oozing of the wound and to avoid damage to the sphincter, and should be advised to increase the diet to promote healing. It is also important to insist on saline sitz baths, or diluted potassium permanganate for localized sitz baths, in order to allow early healing of the wound.