Since the Spring Festival, Ms. Chen, 35, has had health problems. She often has lumbosacral pain and lower abdominal cramping pain every time she has her period, especially on the second and third days of her period, and in severe cases, she needs to be bedridden and has difficulty in maintaining normal life and work. She went to the hospital and found that her uterus was enlarged and was diagnosed with adenomyosis combined with fibroids. Although the symptoms improved slightly with medication, they reappeared after stopping the medication and gradually worsened. The doctor finally recommended her to have her uterus removed, but due to her age, it was difficult for her to accept the surgical removal plan. Later, after being introduced by a friend, she came to our hospital to receive interventional embolization treatment, which resulted in curing the fibroids and successfully controlling the symptoms of dysmenorrhea and excessive menstrual flow. Uterine fibroids and adenomyosis. What are fibroids and adenomyosis? What kind of treatment is interventional embolization and why can it treat these two diseases in gynecology? In fact, adenomyosis and fibroids are two very common gynecological diseases. The incidence of fibroids is as high as 25%, which means that one out of every four women suffers from fibroids. They usually manifest as increased menstrual flow and prolonged menstrual periods. Adenomyosis, on the other hand, is characterized by increasing menstrual pain and increased menstrual flow. According to statistics, 50% of patients with adenomyosis have fibroids in combination. Simple fibroids can be treated with hormonal medication and, if necessary, surgical removal or total hysterectomy. If adenomyosis alone is usually treated with hormonal therapy, it is not effective and eventually requires hysterectomy. Due to the side effects of hormones, many patients have difficulty receiving regular medication. If both diseases are present, treatment is more difficult and the vast majority of patients require surgical removal of the uterus. However, since the vast majority of patients are young, it is more difficult to accept the hysterectomy treatment option. Therefore, this group of patients is often in a dilemma. Interventional embolization offers hope for patients with both types of disease, especially if they coexist. Interventional embolization was first used in the treatment of uterine fibroids and has achieved good results, with an efficiency rate of 95% to 98%, solving the treatment problem for patients who have difficulty undergoing surgery. After achieving good results in uterine fibroids, our scholars applied the method to the treatment of adenomyosis. Adenomyosis is a persistent disease in gynecology. The increasing menstrual pain and excessive menstrual flow often affect the work and daily life of patients, and the current drug treatment is ineffective and has a lot of side effects, and no more than 30% of patients respond to the drug, and the symptoms reappear after stopping the drug, and eventually patients have to remove the uterus. It is indeed a painful and helpless choice to have to remove the uterus for a benign lesion! After the application of interventional embolization, we were surprised to find that most of the patients achieved good efficacy. The patients’ dysmenorrhea was well controlled, the painful menstruation disappeared, and the menstrual flow was significantly reduced and returned to normal. And the therapeutic effect can be maintained for a longer period of time. Therefore, interventional embolization has become almost the last treatment to save the uterus before surgical removal of the uterus for adenomyosis. The principle of interventional embolization for fibroids and adenomyosis is somewhat similar in that embolization is used to cause ischemia of the lesion, which eventually causes necrosis of the lesion and cures the disease. Therefore, when fibroids and adenomyosis coexist, interventional embolization can be used to cure both diseases at the same time. However, embolization of fibroids and adenomyosis requires different embolization materials, injection speed, drug concentration and degree of embolization during the embolization process, so the simultaneous treatment of both diseases is more demanding and naturally requires more skill from the physician. Of course, complications can occur, and if embolization is not done properly, it can easily cause misembolization of adjacent organs, but ectopic embolization is generally rare among experienced physicians. Interventional embolization treatment does not require an incision, just like a normal infusion, except that the location of the injection is moved to the root of the thigh, by puncturing an artery there, then a small tube about two toothpicks thick is inserted into the artery of the uterus, after which the embolization material is injected through the tube, and finally the small tube is removed, and the puncture opening is only compressed for a few minutes, and no stitches are needed. After receiving the treatment, the patient can be discharged after a few days of observation. The whole treatment is characterized by no incision, exact efficacy, preservation of the uterus, no interruption of menstruation and quick recovery. Thus, interventional embolization provides the last line of defense for patients with uterine fibroids and adenomyosis to preserve the uterus. It is a boon for the majority of patients.