Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common of the neurological pain disorders, and some people call it the “number one pain in the world”. The pain is electric shock-like, transient and recurrent, and patients are afraid to talk, wash their faces and brush their teeth. Some patients have painful episodes that are unbearable, and because of the difficulty of treatment, patients sometimes die. This disease can occur from youth to old age, and the incidence is highest after the age of 40. The incidence is slightly more on the right side than on the left side, and the incidence is approximately equal for men and women. This disease seriously endangers the health of patients and directly affects their normal work and life. Patients with occasional and infrequent pain attacks can be controlled with oral carbamazepine without surgical treatment, and a significant proportion of patients with mild pain can heal on their own. However, if the frequency of pain increases, the scope of pain expands, the medication cannot be controlled or the adverse effects of the medication cannot be tolerated, further treatment is required. At present, the only two methods that can effectively cure trigeminal neuralgia are surgery and gamma knife. Although radiofrequency ablation can treat trigeminal neuralgia, it brings adverse effects, mainly numbness on the affected side, and has a relatively high recurrence rate. Surgical procedures and head gamma knife treatment in the efficiency and recurrence rate is comparable, but gamma knife as compared to surgical procedures have its advantages and disadvantages. Advantages: 1, safety; 2, short treatment cycle (the whole treatment process in about 2 hours); 3, treatment on the patient’s impact is small, the treatment process without bleeding, the patient can be discharged after treatment. Disadvantages: slow onset of effect. Most patients in the post-treatment pain is not like surgical procedures done after no pain, it needs a process, the process from 1 month to 1 year, the more frequent and more intense pain before treatment, the shorter the pain relief time after treatment, the pain is gradually relieved during this period. In summary, gamma knife treatment of trigeminal neuralgia can be the treatment of choice for patients who are unwilling or unable to tolerate surgery.