Once an ascending aortic aneurysm is detected, conservative treatment is not recommended, and early surgical treatment is recommended. Ascending aortic aneurysm refers to a localized outward expansion or bulging of the wall of the ascending aorta, forming a tumor-like bulge that reaches more than 1.5 times the normal diameter. And it is not a tumor, just a malformation of blood vessels, so the treatment is different from a tumor. Theoretically, the indications for surgery of thoracic aortic aneurysm are: ① Thoracic aortic aneurysm showing symptoms of compression, rupture and/or rupture encapsulation; ② aneurysm diameter >5cm; ③ growth of aneurysm diameter >1cm/year; and ④ pseudoaneurysm and intercalated aneurysm should be treated as early as possible. However, because the ascending aorta is close to the left ventricle, the lesion will cause the blood vessel to be more fragile compared with the common aorta, and the long-term blood flow will easily rupture, resulting in a very urgent situation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the evaluation as soon as possible after the discovery of the condition, and after the diagnosis is clearly made, it should be actively carried out the treatments, which include the surgical open thoracic surgery, the vascular endoluminal repair surgery, and the composite surgery of three major types. If such a situation arises, it is important to seek medical attention and follow the doctor’s instructions.