Introduction Conventional total hip replacement has proven to be effective in treating hip fractures, femoral head necrosis and osteoarthritis, and is currently performed on millions of patients worldwide each year. However, the use of total hip replacements is severely hampered by the fact that the prosthesis has a certain lifespan (ranging from 15-20 years), and the use of total hip replacements is severely hampered by factors such as osteolysis caused by particles from prosthesis wear, prosthesis wear, and pain due to altered stress transfer after prosthesis installation. Compared to conventional hip surface replacement, hip surface replacement preserves most of the femoral head and neck, i.e., most of the bone is preserved, leaving a great deal of room for the patient to have another revision surgery, which is especially suitable for younger patients with hip disease. Current surface replacements use a metal-to-metal prosthesis, which extends the life of the prosthesis while reducing the production of polyethylene particles. Advantages of surface replacement 1. Preserves most of the femoral head without the need to treat the femoral medullary cavity, preserving sufficient bone for revision surgery. 2.The larger diameter of the prosthesis reduces the incidence of postoperative dislocation. 3.The normal stress transmission of the femur is maintained, reducing thigh pain after total hip arthroplasty due to altered stress transmission. 4.The use of metal prosthesis avoids the late loosening of the prosthesis due to the use of plastic prosthesis (polyethylene) that produces wear particles. 5. The metal prosthesis is more wear-resistant, which increases the life of the prosthesis. Special risks of hip surface replacement 1. Lack of long-term follow-up. The longest prosthesis in use today is only about 7 years, and there is a lack of statistics on the long-term wear rate and service life. 2. Surface replacement surgery is not complicated, but requires an experienced surgeon to perform the surgery in order to achieve the best possible results. Suitable candidates for hip surface replacement: Patients who are younger (<55 years old), more active, and need total hip replacement due to hip disease. 1, young patients with ankylosing spondylitis and ankylosing hip joints. 2.Patients with congenital hip subluxation and acetabular dysplasia, which can relieve pain and restore or partially restore limb length. 3, young patients with femoral head necrosis, mild collapse and cystic degeneration, with some bone to assume the surface prosthesis. 4.Patients who are excessively obese and too active are not suitable.