Causes and dangers of OSAHS: The cause of OSAHS (i.e., obstructive sleep apnea syndrome) is primarily an anatomical abnormality of the upper airway. Patients with sleep apnea syndrome are known to be prone in people with enlarged tonsils, hypertrophy of the soft palate, tongue root and thick and short neck. Severe nasal septal deviation and other nasal obstructive diseases such as nasal polyps can aggravate OSAHS, and obesity is one of the important high-risk factors for the development of OSAHS. Obesity is an important high-risk factor for OSAHS. In children, it is mostly due to enlarged tonsils and enlarged adenoids. OSAHS is a serious health hazard. Due to frequent respiratory pauses when snoring, the brain is seriously deprived of oxygen, and patients suffer from dry mouth, dizziness, drowsiness and sleepiness, which affect work and study. For middle-aged and elderly patients, long-term snoring can lead to cardiac arrhythmia, increased blood pressure, myocardial infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, endocrine disorders and neuropsychiatric disorders. For children, it can lead to a decrease in growth hormone secretion and affect their development. Snoring has become a life-threatening condition. Diagnosis of OSAHS: The diagnosis of OSAHS starts with a careful history and examination. A history of daytime sleepiness, nighttime awakenings, and nocturnal snoring all suggest sleep apnea syndrome. During the examination, fiberoptic laryngoscopy can be used to assess the upper airway. The best way to diagnose sleep apnea syndrome is to perform sleep monitoring, and sleep apnea syndrome can be diagnosed if there are more than 30 recurrent episodes of apnea and hypoventilation during 7h of sleep per night, or if the sleep apnea and hypoventilation index is ≥5. Apnea is the cessation of oral and nasal airflow during sleep for ≥10 s. Hypoventilation is the reduction of respiratory airflow intensity during sleep by more than 50% from the basal level. Treatment of OSAHS: Treatment of OSAHS For most patients with OSAHS, combined UPPP and tonsillectomy are the most commonly used surgical treatments, and these two procedures mainly solve most of the oropharyngeal obstruction problems. For patients with simple snoring and mild to moderate OSAHS, cryo-plasma radiofrequency treatment may be the best choice. If other abnormalities such as cranial structures are present, the following surgical procedures are performed: chin and tongue muscle advancement, and mandibular advancement surgery. For anomalies of the nasal anatomy, correction of the deviated septum, partial turbinate resection, and removal of nasal polyps or tumors may be performed. The key to surgical treatment is to use different surgical approaches depending on the specific anatomy of the patient. It is important to emphasize that there are various causes of OSAHS, and that most OSAHS is not treated with only one treatment method. Lifestyle changes are the most effective adjuncts to improve OSAHS, including: weight loss, alcohol cessation, etc. There are no specific medications available for OSAHS. Nasal obstruction can worsen OSAHS, so medications to improve nasal obstruction can help improve OSAHS.