A year ago, patient Zhang sought medical advice from major hospitals for persistent tinnitus in his left ear. After taking medication, acupuncture and hyperbaric oxygen treatment, there was no improvement. Finally, the patient consulted the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of the Sixth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University. After detailed questioning and examination, the author suspected intracranial occupying lesions and prescribed a cranial MRI examination for the patient. The results suggested that there was a 1.6 cm tumor in the pontocerebellar region of the patient’s cerebellum. Since the patient was diagnosed early and the tumor was still in the early stage, the physician performed microsurgery to preserve the function of facial and auditory nerves. The surgery was very successful, and the patient successfully preserved his hearing and normal facial nerve function after the surgery. Hearing loss and tinnitus are the main clinical manifestations of auditory neuroma. The diagnosis is often delayed due to the absence of specific manifestations, thus missing the best time for treatment. In advanced stage, the tumor often exceeds 3 cm in diameter and usually involves the posterior group of cranial nerves, i.e., the 9th, 10th and 11th pairs of cranial nerves, and symptoms such as hoarseness, choking, difficulty in swallowing, inconvenient movement of ipsilateral limbs and unstable gait appear. Although the diagnosis is easier at this point, the best opportunity for treatment has been missed. If the diagnosis is made early, it can be easily removed surgically and with few surgical complications. For early stage auditory neuroma (less than 2 cm), the chance of preserving facial nerve function can reach more than 90%, and the rate of preserving auditory function can also reach about 50%; while for late stage auditory neuroma (more than 2 cm), the tumor is not easy to be completely removed because of serious adhesions with surrounding brain tissue, and the chance of preserving facial nerve function is only about 50%, and it is almost impossible to preserve auditory function. It can be seen that early treatment of auditory neuroma is crucial to improve the quality of life of patients.