People have been exploring artificial hip replacement since the middle of the 19th century. At present, artificial joint replacement technology has become popular and widely used, especially for artificial hip and knee joints. In Western countries, artificial joint replacement is the second most common surgical procedure after cholecystectomy. In the United States, no less than 200,000 hip replacements are performed each year, and about 500,000 are performed each year worldwide. In the United States and Europe, artificial knee replacement is estimated to be about 200,000-300,000 cases per year, with a clinical excellence rate of more than 90 percent over 15 years. In China, the work on artificial joints was gradually carried out after about the 1960s, about two decades later than abroad. With the rapid development of the national economy, China has carried out the development and clinical application of artificial joints in the past 20 years, and with the continuous improvement of patients’ knowledge and living standards, as well as the significant increase in the number of patients, China’s artificial joints have gradually kept up with the development of artificial joints in the world. In the past decade or so, foreign artificial joint products from different manufacturers have gradually entered China, which has promoted the clinical and research development of artificial joints in China. At present, there are a variety of domestic and imported artificial joints available in our market. Generally, imported artificial joints are better than domestic products in terms of prosthetic materials, prosthetic shape design, accuracy of surgical positioning instruments, joint surface finish, performance of bone cement and treatment of the contact surface with bone, etc., but they are expensive, with a material cost of about 20,000-40,000 yuan. The domestic artificial joint is cheaper, about 2,000 – 7,000 yuan, and the clinical use for more than 20 years shows that the performance is reliable. Instruments and materials are important, but mature experience and delicate operating techniques are still the deciding factors for successful surgery.