What is a ventriculoscope? An endoscope is a tool that directs light from a cold light source that does no damage to the body into the body’s internal cavities for observation and surgical manipulation. The endoscope used in neurosurgery is called a neuroendoscope, and it is also called a ventriculoscope because it was first used inside the brain to treat hydrocephalus. Our hospital introduced German Aesculap ventriculoscopy system, whose ventriculoscope is only 6 mm in diameter, and can enter the ventricle through a very small scalp incision and a small hole of 1 cm in diameter in the skull during surgery. These operations would require a larger incision in the head if the normal open surgery method were applied, and because the ventricles are located in the deepest part of the brain, it is also necessary to draw the brain under the incision a bit around to operate under the microscope. In addition, the ventriculoscope has different viewing angles such as 0 degree and 30 degrees, which means that the surgeon’s view can be “turned around”. With this feature, the ventriculoscope can be used independently or in conjunction with the microscope to operate on brain tumors whose borders cannot be fully revealed under direct microscopic view. What are the advantages of ventriculoscopic surgery? Endoscopic surgery has the following advantages compared with traditional open surgery: 1. 2. Small incision and less traumatic operation. The endoscopic beam 3. The surgical field is clearly revealed and the field of view is wider than that of traditional surgery. 4. Since the visual field can be revealed without traction, there is less damage to brain tissue. 5. The total treatment cost is reduced.