Pediatric ventricular septal defect is one of the most common types of pediatric precardiac disease, and such children are prone to lung infections and colds due to excessive blood in the lungs. Also, a small percentage of children will have feeding difficulties and affect growth and development as a result, so timely treatment is needed. If a pediatric ventricular septal defect is large and does not close, surgery is needed, but some children can close it without surgery, so under what circumstances is surgery appropriate?
A. Conditions for surgery of pediatric ventricular septal defect
1.The size of the defective opening
Generally, the self-healing condition is judged according to the size of the defect rupture. If the ventricular defect rupture is less than 5mm, usually there are not many colds and pneumonia, and it can be reviewed regularly until 5 years old, and then done before school age, there is also the possibility of self-healing. If the ventricular defect rupture is larger than 5mm, and there are often colds, pneumonia and fever, the surgery should be done early.
2.Defect site
The defect site is also the key to determine whether there is a possibility of self-healing, such as pulmonary artery or double subarterial defect (sub-stem type), which generally has no possibility of self-healing and is likely to cause aortic valve prolapse and regurgitation, affecting cardiac function, so early surgery is desirable.
3.Serious performance symptoms
Children with growth retardation, recurrent respiratory infections, congestive heart failure, feeding difficulties and other symptoms, and even complications of bacterial endocarditis, which cannot be controlled by drugs, early surgery is recommended. Instead, follow up every 3-6 months to observe whether it heals spontaneously.
Caution.
Newborns or infants with large ventricular septal defects, with high fractional flow, complicated by life-threatening intractable heart failure and pulmonary insufficiency, and where active medical therapy is ineffective, conditions should be created for surgery, even within 3 months after birth.
Second, how to care for pediatric ventricular septal defect after surgery
1, pay attention to the prevention of infection
After the ventricular septal defect surgery, it is necessary to prevent infection and to limit strenuous activities within three to six months.
2.Rational diet
After ventricular septal defect surgery, family members should educate the patient to eat less and more, not too full, not to overeat, try to control snacks, drinks, so as not to increase the burden on the heart.
3.Take medication on time
Patients with ventricular septal defect should not stop taking medication at will and increase or decrease the dosage of medication. Generally 3-6 months after surgery can go to school, after surgery to respect the doctor’s orders to go to the hospital for review.
4.Clean living environment
Housing should be sunny, clean, warm and comfortable, regularly open windows for ventilation, beds should be kept clean and comfortable, and patients with infant ventricular septal defect should change clothes diligently after surgery to prevent skin infection.
Third, pediatric ventricular septal defect need to pay attention to what
1. Avoid excessive crying of the child
Try to keep the child quiet, avoid excessive crying, to ensure adequate sleep. The older children should have a regular life, the combination of movement and quiet, strictly prohibit running and jumping and strenuous exercise.
2. Avoid staying in crowded places
Keep the air circulating in the room, avoid staying in crowded public places as much as possible, and increase or decrease the clothes in time with the weather to reduce the chance of respiratory tract infection.
3.Keep the stool smooth
If the stool is dry and difficult to defecate, excessive force will increase the abdominal pressure and increase the burden on the heart, and may even have serious consequences.
Warm tips.
Pediatric ventricular septal defect is a congenital disease, and this disease occurs due to a combination of causes. Congenital heart disease should be prevented before conception, both husband and wife need to be exposed to bad habits, active screening for hereditary diseases and active treatment of diseases affecting the fetus; good pregnancy checkups during pregnancy, prevention of colds, and preferably avoiding the use of drugs.