Anthrax, a Class B infectious disease under the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Law of the People’s Republic of China, is an infectious disease of animal origin caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis and occurs mainly in herbivorous animals, particularly cattle, sheep and horses. Humans are mainly infected through contact with diseased animals and their products or through the consumption of meat from diseased animals. Cutaneous anthrax is the most common, while pulmonary and intestinal anthrax are often life-threatening.