Interventional treatment is an emerging treatment method between surgical and medical treatment, including intravascular and non-vascular interventions. With the development of recent decades, it is now known as one of the three pillar disciplines along with surgery and internal medicine. The concept of interventional therapy refers to a technique of minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of diseases by percutaneous puncture under the guidance of imaging equipment (angiography, fluoroscopy, CT, MR, B ultrasound, etc.) and the use of puncture needles, catheters, stents and other devices. One of the major branches of interventional therapy is comprehensive intervention, including tumor intervention and non-vascular intervention, which is a general term for interventional techniques other than neurovascular intervention, cardiovascular intervention and peripheral vascular intervention, and tumor intervention includes both tumor vascular intervention and tumor non-vascular intervention. Tumor intervention refers to the technology of diagnosing and treating tumors through vascular or non-vascular pathways under the guidance of medical imaging equipment, using various physical and chemical factors to locally destroy and eliminate tumors, cut off the blood supply of blood-rich tumors or locally infuse drugs to inhibit the progression of tumors. These techniques mainly include: iodine-125 particle implantation (commonly known as “internal gamma knife”), radiofrequency ablation of tumors (polycomb knife), chemical ablation of tumors, electrochemotherapy, cryotherapy, thermotherapy, ultrasound focusing, drug-infused chemotherapy and chemoembolization of various tumors, etc. Non-vascular intervention refers to the technology of diagnosis and treatment of non-vascular diseases by percutaneous puncture or via body surface orifice route under the guidance of medical imaging equipment. Currently, non-vascular interventions can be performed as follows: various percutaneous biopsies, various non-vascular lumpectomies (including dilation and stenting of urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, biliary tract and other stenoses), local extirpation of solid tumors (percutaneous percutaneous intratumor injection, radiofrequency ablation), drainage, fistula embolization by fistulas (stomach, bladder, etc.), tubal adhesion and recanalization, interventional treatment of herniated discs, vertebroplasty, plexus block for chronic pain, etc. With the development of an aging population, the incidence of various malignant tumors and non-vascular diseases has increased significantly, such as liver, stomach, lung, colon and breast cancers, stenosis of the digestive tract, respiratory tract, biliary tract, urinary tract and fallopian tubes, liver and kidney cysts and abscesses, and herniated discs, etc. The incidence of these diseases is increasing year by year. However, with the emergence of new methods of interventional therapy, which has many advantages such as simplicity, safety, effectiveness, minimally invasive and less complications, it is immediately accepted by more and more medical experts and patients, and has developed rapidly in recent years, becoming one of the most promising treatment methods in the 21st century. The concept of minimally invasive interventional therapy is gradually gaining popularity, and the theory, technical methods and clinical research of interventional therapy have also continued to advance and made great progress. In recent years, in terms of basic research, new materials, techniques and devices such as drug-eluting microspheres, drug-coated stents, radiotherapy microspheres, IRE, new radiofrequency and microwave ablation devices have emerged, further enhancing the safety and effectiveness of interventional treatment. On the other hand, the comprehensive tumor treatment centering on minimally invasive treatment has been carried out, such as the combination of different ablation techniques, the combination of tumor ablation and TACE, the combination of TACE and radiotherapy, the combination of tumor ablation and radiotherapy, the combination of interventional treatment and molecular targeted therapy drugs, etc.; furthermore, in terms of guidance means and imaging follow-up of interventional treatment, there is also a trend of multiple In addition, there is a trend of joint application of various imaging methods in the guidance and follow-up of interventional treatment, which improves the safety and accuracy of interventional treatment. The domestic interventional radiology community is also following the frontiers of international development, giving full play to the advantages of China’s abundant case resources, actively participating in international collaborations, using evidence-based medicine, and carrying out some large-scale multicenter RCT studies; at the same time, actively carrying out basic research and translational medicine research, and developing interventional drugs, devices and equipment with independent intellectual property rights. It is foreseeable that with the continuous progress of interventional devices and new technologies, the continuous expansion of interventional scope, and the continuous improvement of interventional treatment methods, tumor intervention and non-vascular intervention will play an increasingly important role in clinical treatment.