Swelling of the finger with pus formation is mostly an infection that is difficult to heal on its own, and if left untreated may result in osteomyelitis for a long time. If there is pus in the finger, it may be purulent dactylitis and should be promptly operated on for incision and drainage. Usually a finger root block anesthesia is performed under local anesthesia, and incisions on both sides of the finger are selected to separate the pus cavity and drain the pus completely, but the incisions are not sutured for the time being to avoid residual foci of infection. Postoperatively, intravenous anti-infective treatment is also chosen, and daily dressing changes are performed, during which saline is used to flush the wound. Attention to elevating the finger during treatment can help to reduce swelling. In addition, swelling of the finger with pus formation may also be caused by rheumatic or rheumatoid diseases, and blood tests should be performed, and clinical indicators such as rheumatoid factor and blood uric acid should be observed. Therefore, patients with finger abscesses should go to orthopedics as soon as possible to avoid inducing complications such as bone ischemia, necrosis and osteomyelitis, postoperative braking and adequate rest.