It is a common cause of hydronephrosis, mostly due to congenital abnormalities, and can lead to serious consequences such as infection, secondary stones, and damage to kidney function if not seen in a timely manner. Although there are many treatment options, the currently accepted “gold standard” is dissection pyeloplasty. Previously, pyeloplasty was performed through open surgery, with a 15-20 cm incision in the lumbar region and a three-layer muscle transection in the lumbar region, which was traumatic, slow to recover, and even affected physical activity. With the development of laparoscopic technology, laparoscopic pyeloplasty now has the tendency to replace open surgery. Three small 0.5-1.0 cm incisions are made in the lumbar region, and the operation of traditional open surgery can be completed through the laparoscope with little trauma, fast recovery, beautiful incisions, and the same effect as open surgery for skilled people. Of course, cutting, suturing, and tube placement under lumpectomy are delicate and complex operations that require continuous training and accumulation.