Rheumatic immune diseases, also known as autoimmune diseases, include rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, gout, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, dry syndrome, scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disease, leukoarthrosis, and so on. The cause of all these diseases is an abnormality of the immune system in the body, which leads to a series of diseases. The disease manifests itself in different ways depending on the location, degree, and trigger of the induced disease. Although the clinical manifestations of these diseases are very different, there is a common feature that many patients tend to be afraid of cold, sunlight and easy fatigue, why is this? This point is well explained by a theory proposed by Professor Sun Erwei, “immune recognition doctrine of cell death”, after understanding this point, it is easier for patients to protect themselves from the attack of their own cells and tissues from their own immune system, so that they will not suffer from rheumatic immune disease, or even if they suffer from rheumatic immune disease It will be easier to control. The core of the theory proposed by Professor Sunil Wei is that there are three types of cells in our body, one of which is the living cells that work hard every day and contribute silently to our healthy body. The remaining two types of cells are “dead cells”, but the two types of cell death are different, one is called “apoptosis” (called apoptosis), and the other is called “necrosis “The other is called necrosis. When apoptosis occurs, the body’s immune system is not activated, and therefore no cells or antibodies are produced to attack itself, and no rheumatic immune disease develops. Why don’t apoptotic cells cause rheumatic immune diseases? It turns out that living cells are susceptible to aging and damage when they are working, just like the wheels of a car that deteriorate with use over time. These aging cells must be removed to be replaced by new cells that can work better. Therefore, these aging cells will “die” on their own, but they die in a special way, that is, in a prearranged and strictly programmed way. When these cells die, the body handles the “corpse” carefully, not allowing the contents of the cells to be released, so as not to contaminate the environment of healthy cells and cause an inflammatory response. In this case, the body’s immune system is not activated and even produces a type of immune cell (professionally called regulatory T cells) to further control the immune system so that it does not activate and attack our own tissues so easily. However, the body is often infected by bacteria, viruses and other small microorganisms, and from time to time we are injured or exposed to strong sunlight, when cells suddenly die, just like in a car accident. In this case, the cells die before the body can start the death process, which is called necrosis. The contents of the cells are distributed everywhere, and scientists have found that the contents of these necrotic cells can activate our immune system very strongly, which may trigger rheumatic immune disease. In addition, there is another important factor: whether the cells are apoptotic or necrotic, the body must remove them very quickly to be able to do so. The rapid removal of necrotic cells can prevent them from continuing to “mess up” and cause inflammatory reactions and rheumatic immune diseases. If apoptotic cells are not removed in a timely manner, they can become necrotic cells, which can then cause inflammation and immune reactions that can lead to rheumatic immune diseases. Therefore, a powerful waste removal system is needed to remove these two types of cells, the most important of which are called “phagocytes”. If the removal function is reduced, then the necrotic cells that are not removed can certainly activate the immune system and cause rheumatic immune diseases. Inadequate clearance of apoptotic cells can also turn into necrotic cells and lead to these consequences. After understanding the relationship between cell death and immune system activation, it is easy to understand the symptoms of many rheumatic immune diseases, so that we can take the initiative to prevent them in our daily lives. Why do rheumatologic patients tend to be afraid of cold, and they tend to have cold in the joints, especially in the joints of the hands? Because our body to ensure the flexibility of the joints, many joints are almost skin and bones, no blood vessels, no fat, no muscle, so the external cold is easy to damage the cells in the joints, these cells once the damage or even necrosis, it is possible to activate the immune system to produce antibodies or cells against themselves, thus causing rheumatoid immune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis. And repeated exposure to cold can repeatedly aggravate the disease, even if the medication is not easy to control. Therefore, we must pay attention to the cold and warmth, especially in the northern part of the patient friends, in the winter to go out is to wear thick gloves, do not immerse in cold water, if you want to wash dishes best to use hot water, if there is no hot water, you have to wear cotton gloves and then wear a rubber glove, despite the inconvenience of operation, but can prevent the occurrence of arthritis. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis must wear a good coat, do not let the buttocks cold to, sleeping pad an electric blanket, may help to relieve the condition. In short, if you pay more attention to keeping yourself warm, you will be conducive to recovery from the disease. Why are some patients afraid of catching a cold? It is because on the one hand, the body gets cold, and on the other hand, the cold causes viral infection, which leads to cell necrosis, resulting in symptoms such as fever and general discomfort. As the infection causes cell necrosis, it naturally activates the immune system and induces autoimmune diseases. This is also true for other infections, such as recurrent gastrointestinal and urinary tract infections, which can easily trigger rheumatic immune diseases (medically known as reactive arthritis). Therefore, we must prevent colds and other infections, and if they do occur, they should be controlled early to reduce cell necrosis and reduce the activation of the immune system, thus facilitating disease control. Why are some people afraid of the sun? This is because there is a kind of ray in the sun called “ultraviolet”, which can damage human cells, causing apoptosis of skin cells in mild cases and cell necrosis in severe cases. As the clearance system in the body of lupus patients is greatly reduced, they cannot remove these apoptotic or necrotic cells, which will activate the immune system and cause the recurrence of lupus. The soldiers who participated in the parade, standing in the sun for a long time, shed their skin on their shoulders, backs and hands, which is a manifestation of epidermal cell necrosis, but because the clearance system in their bodies is not sick and can quickly clear the apoptotic or necrotic cells, they do not develop rashes and lupus-like changes, although they can shed a layer of skin. lupus erythematosus-like changes. Patients with lupus erythematosus, on the other hand, will develop a rash and aggravate their lupus condition once they are exposed to the sun. This is because the lupus patient’s function of clearing apoptotic and necrotic cells is reduced and they are not able to remove these dead cells in time, thus activating the immune system, producing antibodies that attack themselves and causing the vasculitis. Therefore, patients with rheumatic immune disease, especially those with lupus, should be especially careful not to sunbathe. The reason why patients with lupus are prone to hair loss and facial erythema is easy to understand: because the head and face are the most exposed to the sun. With this knowledge, it is easy to understand why rheumatologic patients are so easily fatigued. Because our daytime activities generate a lot of waste to be removed, under normal circumstances, we sleep beautifully, the body will be cleared of waste, so the next day we are refreshed and put into a new day’s work. Even if some friends work overtime for a week without a good sleep, it does not matter a lot, because they can sleep for another day and night, and wake up alive as usual. However, it is different for rheumatic immune patients, especially those with lupus erythematosus, whose body’s function of removing garbage is reduced. If they work overtime, travel or do heavy physical labor for a long time, the garbage produced in their bodies will take many days to clear out, and the residual garbage may cause inflammation, activate the immune system and aggravate the disease. Therefore, for rheumatic immune patients, especially those whose whole body organs are affected by lupus erythematosus, it is important to take care of good rest, especially enough sleep. Thus, it is easy to understand why rheumatic immune diseases are prone to ulcers and are repeatedly difficult to cure. That is because immune diseases cause vasculitis, and vasculitis causes ulcers. The ulcer is the tissue necrosis, and the necrotic cells activate the immunity, and then aggravate the vasculitis …… Therefore, I would like to emphasize that for patients with rheumatic immune disease, they should pay attention to keeping warm, less sunlight, prevent infection, prevent overwork, and ensure sufficient sleep. I hope that you will take the initiative to take good protective measures on the basis of understanding and reduce the triggers of disease recurrence, so as to control the disease and cure it to the maximum extent. Finally, I wish you all good health.