Complete ectopic pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVC) is one of the few cardiac surgical conditions that require surgical treatment in the neonatal period. Without surgical treatment about 75% die within 1 year of age. In children with obstructed pulmonary venous return, mortality can reach 50% within 3 months. As the pulmonary venous flow and body venous flow return to the right atrium, the child is prone to early and severe pulmonary hypertension. The left heart system only relies on the return of blood from the atrial septal defect or patent foramen ovale, resulting in reduced blood volume in the left heart system and poor left heart development. If the atrial septal defect is small or combined with pulmonary vein stenosis, the child will show signs of circulatory failure such as pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, and inadequate perfusion of the body circulation after birth. Therefore, children with all types of TAPVC should be treated surgically as soon as the diagnosis is clear, and children with combined pneumonia and respiratory failure should also be operated urgently if the effect of conservative medical treatment is poor or if the condition is aggravated, and the correction of intracardiac malformation is beneficial to the treatment of pneumonia.