The main symptom of bile duct blockage is jaundice, when bile cannot be drained and stagnates in the bile duct causing the pressure in the bile duct to rise, which can lead to a series of manifestations such as general jaundice, yellow eyes, yellow urine and yellow skin. Because of the increased pressure in the bile ducts, severe bile irritation can also lead to the manifestation of severe pain in the right upper abdomen. Treatment of bile duct obstruction requires a comprehensive assessment in conjunction with the presence of biliary tract infections and tumors in the patient. If bile duct blockage is caused by bile duct stones or bile duct stenosis, it will often be combined with bile duct infection. When bacteria in the bile reflux into the bloodstream through bile, it will cause symptoms of systemic infection, resulting in right upper abdominal cramps, chills, chills and high fever. The main treatment is targeted bile duct extraction and bile-intestinal drainage surgery to relieve the obstruction and improve the symptoms of bile drainage. If the jaundice due to bile duct obstruction is severe and the patient is unable to undergo surgery or the risk of immediate surgery is high, ERCP or PTCD can be used to drain the bile first, and then second-stage surgery can be performed after the jaundice subsides. In the case of tumorigenic factors without combined biliary tract infection, the main manifestation is painless progressive bilirubin elevation and increased yellowing, for which bile duct obstruction should be actively treated by surgery. For patients who cannot take surgical treatment in the middle and late stage, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy can be chosen to control the growth and metastasis of tumor, prolong the survival time of patients and improve the quality of survival.