In the course of medical treatment, we always encounter patients with recurrent pain in the cheeks, nose, corners of the mouth, upper and lower lips or gums, which has been a problem for years. Let’s learn more about this abominable trigeminal neuralgia: trigeminal neuralgia is a common facial pain disease, with a chance of occurrence of 4-5 out of 100,000 people. The main characteristic of this disease is that it causes severe pain in the distribution area of the trigeminal nerve (upper and lower lips, alveolar area, inner side of the nose), and it is difficult for the patient to bear the pain during the attack. Most of them are painful on one side only, and more than half of them have obvious trigger points, such as eating, eating, talking, washing face, blowing wind, which can cause attacks and seriously affect the patient’s life and work. Most of the patients have sudden onset of severe pain, and most of them have no pain at all when they do not have an attack, and only very few of them still have slight pain. The painful attacks come suddenly and stop suddenly. General pain medication is completely ineffective. Many patients have pain from the gums and are often mistaken for toothache and suffer from tooth extraction, and some patients encounter confused dentists who remove the whole row of teeth and still suffer from pain. Patients and dentists should be vigilant. The treatment of trigeminal neuralgia can be divided into medical and surgical therapies. Internal therapy includes medication, acupuncture, etc. It is suitable for patients with short duration of disease and mild pain. The initial daily dose of 100-200mg is divided into three to four doses and can be gradually increased to 800-1000mg. However, as the duration of treatment grows, the efficacy of the medication is not as effective as before, or if the patient cannot tolerate the side effects that come along with the increase in dose, surgery should be considered. side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, imbalance, liver function and hematopoietic dysfunction. Surgical treatment is most effective with microvascular decompression. The cause of trigeminal neuralgia has been identified as intracranial trigeminal nerve root compression by blood vessels, so the purpose of surgery is to isolate the blood vessels compressing the trigeminal nerve root and remove the nerve short circuit. By using minimally invasive surgical techniques, the trigeminal nerve can be located under microscopic magnification and illumination to isolate the blood vessels compressing the nerve root from the nerve, and most patients can be cured. Microvascular decompression is also applicable to the treatment of facial spasm and glossopharyngeal neuralgia.