Trigeminal neuralgia is recognized by the medical community as one of the most painful, stubborn and difficult to treat diseases of the nervous system, and is known as the “undead cancer”. The disease not only brings physical pain to the patient, but also brings mental torture to the patient. Patients spend their days in fear of painful episodes, and some of them are tempted to die. Trigeminal neuralgia is sometimes referred to as “facial pain” and is easily confused with toothache. Trigeminal neuralgia is a kind of recurrent severe neuralgia in the distribution area of the trigeminal nerve in the face, and it is one of the common diseases in neurosurgery. It is also one of the internationally recognized difficult diseases. Most of the trigeminal neuralgia starts at the age of 40, mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, especially in women. The onset is more on the right side than on the left side. The disease is characterized by sudden onset and stoppage, lightning-like, slash-and-burn, intractable and severe pain in the trigeminal nerve distribution area of the head and face. The pain can be triggered by talking, brushing teeth or breeze, and there are often “trigger points”. Patients with trigeminal neuralgia often do not dare to wipe their faces, eat, or even swallow saliva, thus affecting their normal life and work. Some people call this pain “the first pain in the world”. Because of its painful location, half of the patients initially diagnose it as toothache and go to dentistry, and even perform tooth extraction treatment. However, the symptoms are still not relieved, and only then is trigeminal neuralgia considered. Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia: Since Dandy first proposed in 1934 that vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve root could cause trigeminal neuralgia, some clinical data have also shown that vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve is one of the causes of trigeminal neuralgia. Many scholars therefore used neurovascular decompression to treat trigeminal neuralgia. After routine disinfection, 2% lidocaine is used for infiltration anesthesia or general anesthesia in the postauricular marker line. An incision is made along the marker line, and a bone window of approximately 2 cm in diameter is drilled with a cranial drill close to the posterior border of the sigmoid sinus. The cerebellum is gently retracted posteriorly and superiorly under the operating microscope, and a miniature cerebral pressure plate with a 2- to 3-mm wide band suction tube is placed to reach the root of the trigeminal nerve. A piece of Teflon cotton is placed between the nerve and the blood vessel to isolate the nerve from the blood vessel to achieve decompression. The efficiency of the procedure is over 90%. What else should be noted after the rehabilitation of trigeminal neuralgia: 1. Do not do local cold compresses, hot compresses or heat therapy to avoid frostbite or burns as the affected side has sensory impairment after treatment. 2, after treatment, patients with facial numbness, sensory impairment, easy to cause lip, oral mucosa burns, bites or mechanical injury caused by foreign objects and misabsorption. So pay attention not to eat with bones, thorns or overheated food, after eating the mouth often stagnant food should be rinsed after meals to keep the mouth clean. 3, after treatment some patients with weakened corneal reflex, should follow the doctor’s instructions after discharge to continue to point eye drops, sandy days out can wear glasses to avoid foreign objects into the eye, to protect the cornea. If there is corneal congestion and edema, please go to the ophthalmology department in time to prevent keratitis.