Eyes are the windows of the soul, and a pair of beautiful big eyes that speak brings you unlimited self-confidence. Double eyelids and big eyes are the dream of every girl, so double eyelid surgery is the most common cosmetic surgery in plastic surgery.
At the same time, because of the proximity to the mouth and nose, it is inevitable that the surgery will be contaminated and difficult to achieve a high degree of sterility, and once the infection will cause irreparable damage. Although the eye is rich in blood flow and its own ability to resist infection is strong, septicization of the incision is not common, but even if it does not reach the level of septicization, inflammatory reactions such as redness and swelling will increase local swelling and scarring, affecting the final shape of the double eyelid. Therefore, it is still very important to reduce the bacterial load and the possibility of infection during double eyelid surgery.
With a rich blood supply to the eyes, a small amount of bleeding is inevitable, but if a large amount of bleeding occurs after surgery, a hematoma (blood bag) will form, causing severe bruising, slow swelling, and even affecting the double eyelid shape.
That for double eyelid surgery, how to prevent infection and hematoma?
A, pre-operative preparation.
1, the surgery should not be arranged during menstruation.
2, pay attention to the general examination, routine laboratory tests before surgery, paying particular attention to the presence of bleeding-prone tendencies.
3, before the surgery to clean the face, do not make up.
4. stop taking steroid hormones and aspirin and other anticoagulant drugs 7-10 days before the double eyelid surgery.
5, patients with conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and severe trachoma must be cured first before undergoing surgery.
6. No folliculitis or boils on the face.
7. No systemic infection foci.
II. Intraoperative points.
To reduce the possibility of infection, surgery should be performed in an operating room that meets sterile requirements, with strict preoperative hand brushing and aseptic protocols. Traditional iodine-containing disinfectants include iodine, which is an alcoholic preparation with an effective iodine concentration of 20g/L to 25g/L and relies mainly on free iodine for sterilization. Iodine is an obvious irritant to broken skin and mucous membranes and needs to be deiodized with alcohol in time, otherwise it can cause iodine burns on the skin, so iodine should not be used for facial or mucous membrane disinfection.
The disinfection of double eyelid surgery has its own special characteristics. To avoid affecting our delicate eyes, it is not advisable to use the above-mentioned conventional disinfectants such as iodine, alcohol, etc. A better disinfectant is povidone iodine (PVP-I), which is a kind of iodophor, an excellent skin disinfectant, and has been included in the 2000 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
PVP-I has many excellent properties.
PVP-I has a yellow layer when disinfecting the skin, but it can be washed off with water without alcohol deiodination, and will not damage the skin.
Low irritation PVP-I completely overcomes the irritation of iodine and iodine solution to the skin, it is almost non-irritating to mucous membranes at the concentration used, and can be used to disinfect mucous membranes and wounds directly without causing irritation and pain to the patient.
Iodine and iodine solution are used at a concentration of 20g/L or more, while PVP-I usually uses an effective iodine concentration of only 5g/L, which greatly saves the amount of iodine used and has a long-lasting effect with a long retention time on the body surface.
In order to reduce bleeding, minimally invasive operation should be insisted on during the operation, and the bleeding should be completely stopped by electric knife.
Third, postoperative precautions.
1.Keep the wound clean and prevent infection. Post-operative wound cleaning is very important, if the wound is not clean, infection can easily occur and lead to the formation of wound scars. Therefore, when washing the face after surgery, pay attention not to wet the wound, 1 to 2 days after surgery can take off the dressing wrapped around the eye, if there is blood scab or secretion on the wound, use a cotton swab dipped in antibiotic eye drops to wipe, and then coated with antibiotic eye ointment, such cleaning and drug application can be carried out 3-5 times a day.
2. Do not just take painkillers. There will be some pain in the wound on the day of surgery, but it will gradually decrease with time. Patients should not rush to take painkillers, because many of the painkillers are aspirin-based drugs, which will aggravate the wound bleeding.
3. Prevention and control of bleeding, bruising or hematoma in surgical wounds. If small blood vessels are damaged during surgery or incomplete intraoperative hemostasis, external impact on the eye after surgery, intense exercise or unpredictable emotions can cause wound bleeding, bruising or hematoma. To prevent these complications, the local wound can be dressed with pressure or cold compresses with ice packs, but the pressure should not be high to avoid damaging the eye. Warm water bags can be used for hot compresses when the surgery is 48 hours old to promote blood circulation in the eye muscles and surrounding tissues, reduce and gradually eliminate the swelling of the surgical site, and promote the early absorption of surgical bruises.
4, pay attention to strengthen the eye muscle movement. Double eyelid surgery generally needs to cover the incision for a day, the second day after surgery to remove the covering gauze, early to do eye opening exercises. Only frequent eye opening exercises can prompt the formation of double eyelid folds.
5, to prevent scar growth at the surgical site. Some people still use some wrinkle removal sunscreen products that contain heavy metals such as mercury after eyelid surgery. These cosmetics containing heavy metals may aggravate the scar growth of the surgical incision. 1 to 3 months after surgery is the proliferation period of surgical scars, during this period, you can use silicone or silicone type of drugs to inhibit scars.
6.A quiet and comfortable environment should be used for recuperation after surgery, and the indoor air should be fresh and circulating and maintain a certain temperature. Increase the intake of protein in the diet, and eat more fruits and fresh vegetables. Do not watch TV or newspapers for 1 week after surgery, and it is better to rest in bed in a semi-recumbent position (put the pillow up) to avoid excessive eye fatigue or low head position which will aggravate the wound swelling.