(Disclaimer: This article is for scientific purposes only, in order to protect patient privacy, the relevant information in the following content has been processed) Abstract: 11-year-old boy, parents found that recently the child’s memory to keep up with the decline in learning, at first thought it was the child’s unwillingness to learn or fatigue caused by the cranial magnetic resonance imaging to the hospital to do cranial brain MRI examination, urinary 17-keto steroids, urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, cerebrospinal fluid laboratory tests, Genetic tests were done to find out that it was cerebral white matter dystrophy. Cerebral leukodystrophy is a hereditary disease and there is no good treatment for it. The child’s condition has stabilized and his symptoms have improved through medication. Basic information] Male, 11 years old [Disease type] Cerebral leukodystrophy [Hospital] Shandong Third Hospital [Consultation time] March 2017 [Treatment plan] Medication (Methylprednisolone + cytrophosphorylcholine sodium tablets) [Treatment cycle] Hospitalization for 7 days, outpatient follow-up for 1 month [Treatment effect] Stabilization of the condition and improvement of the symptoms A. Initial consultation The first time I met the child, I felt that he was not like the average child. The first time I saw the child, I felt that he was different from normal children, and his whole body was not in good spirits. When I examined him, I found that he had localized skin pigmentation and mild ataxia. After the cognitive function assessment, it was found that the child had a decline in computation and memory, which was different from normal children of the same age. Recently, it was obvious that the child could not keep up with his studies and did not understand what the teacher told him, and he usually had diarrhea and a poor diet. The family was very anxious. After evaluation, the possibility of intracerebral diseases was considered, and the parents were advised to take the child to complete the cranial magnetic resonance examination, which suggested cerebral leukoencephalic dystrophy, and combined with the clinical symptoms, the preliminary diagnosis of cerebral leukoencephalic dystrophy was made. At present, the possibility of intracerebral lesions and heredity is considered to be high, and hospitalization is recommended. After admission, the child was further examined for urinary 17-keto steroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, and the indexes were low, and lumbar puncture was perfected to check the cerebrospinal fluid, which showed elevated protein, and the genetic examination suggested cerebral leukodystrophy. After admission, the child was given symptomatic medication, using small-dose methylprednisolone to alleviate the symptoms of decreased brain function, and at the same time, cytarabine sodium tablets were given to nourish brain cells and improve brain metabolism, and the child’s symptoms were alleviated, and his mental state was better than before. At the same time, we also communicated with the child’s family in detail about the current condition, and indicated that the prognosis of the child would not be too ideal, and suggested regular review and increased rehabilitation training to avoid aggravation of the condition, the family expressed understanding and actively cooperate with the treatment. The family understood and cooperated with the treatment. We communicated with the child’s family that there is no good treatment for cerebral leukodystrophy at present, and we can only improve the symptoms through medication, and the prognosis of the later stage may not be good. After a series of examination results and clear diagnosis, the child was given medication and symptomatic treatment, and her mental state improved significantly and she was more lively than before. After 7 days of hospitalization, the child was discharged from the hospital, and the family was asked to go to the neurology department of the hospital regularly after 1 month for follow-up, and rehabilitation training and medication were given if necessary. During the follow-up visit, the child’s family indicated that the symptoms had not significantly worsened. Cerebral white matter dystrophy is a hereditary disease, which is currently a difficult problem for medical treatment, but after active drug control, the child’s symptoms have improved, which is also gratifying. However, the family was told that the disease would tend to aggravate at a later stage, and regular follow-up was needed to adjust the medication to avoid worsening of the disease, and the child’s diet and medication needed to be actively intervened and guided, avoiding the use of very long-chain fatty acids, such as cheese, cream and other foods, to prevent exacerbation of the disease. And urge the family to ensure that the child good sleep, supplemental nutrition, physical exercise. Improving the body’s immunity is also helpful to avoid disease deterioration. V. Personal Insights Cerebral leukodystrophy is a common hereditary disease, which cannot be conquered at present, so prenatal diagnosis is especially important. If your family members have the corresponding hereditary disease, it is recommended that prenatal diagnosis should be done to avoid delaying your child’s life. Once the child is found to have abnormalities, as in the case of the child to actively seek medical attention, timely use of medication to alleviate the condition, to avoid delays in treatment, do not be superstitious or neglected, usually pay attention to the child’s physical and mental health as well as the development of the child, to ensure that the child grows up in a healthy and safe manner.