There is no preferred drug for gouty arthritis. Gouty arthritis can be divided into acute gouty arthritis and intermittent phase. Diclofenac sodium extended-release tablets and etoricoxib are commonly used to relieve the condition in the acute phase; drugs such as febuxostat and benzbromarone are commonly used to lower uric acid in the intermittent phase. Gouty arthritis refers to the inflammatory reaction caused by elevated serum uric acid level and deposition of urate around the joints, with clinical manifestations of redness, swelling and other dysfunctions of the joints. It mostly develops suddenly at night and often involves the first metatarsophalangeal joint, followed by the ankle and knee joints. In the acute stage, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are mainly used for pain relief and anti-inflammation. Commonly used drugs include diclofenac sodium, meloxicam, etoricoxib and so on. If gout is in remission, its therapeutic drugs are uric acid-lowering drugs, such as febuxostat and benzbromarone. If renal insufficiency is complicated or the above two drugs are not tolerated, glucocorticoids can be considered. In addition, sodium bicarbonate should be added to alkalize the urine to prevent urate crystals from being deposited in the kidneys. The above medications should be used under medical supervision. When gouty arthritis occurs, it is recommended to seek prompt medical attention and follow the doctor’s instructions for further examination.