Acute upper respiratory tract infection, commonly known as “cold”, is often diagnosed by pediatricians as acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis, i.e., runny nose, red and swollen throat, red and swollen tonsils, etc. It is the most common disease in pediatric outpatient clinics and emergency departments. Many families lack basic understanding of the disease and have many questions when their children visit the hospital after catching a cold, such as: Why does my child have repeated fever? Do I need to use antibiotics? Do I need to give fluids? Will the infusion get better faster? Today we will talk about what “cold” is all about. 1.Cause of “cold”? The causes of colds include viruses, bacteria, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, etc. More than 90% of them are viral infections (mainly respiratory syncytial virus). Thus, viral infections are the most common cause of “colds”, so most children do not need antibiotics for treatment. 2.What are the symptoms of a child with a “cold”? Why does the fever recur? The symptoms of a child’s “cold” include two kinds, one is local symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, dry cough, sore throat, etc., which will naturally heal in 3-4 days; the other is systemic symptoms such as fever, restlessness, general malaise, fatigue, etc. Some children may experience loss of appetite, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms. The symptoms of “cold” in older children are lighter, mainly local symptoms; while infants and children are heavier, with systemic symptoms, including fever up to 39-40 degrees, with a fever duration of 2-3 days to about 1 week, and febrile seizures in some children within 1-2 days of fever. Therefore, the child “cold”, especially infants and young children, the course of the disease within 1 week will appear repeated fever, if your child in the fever between the spirit of good, family members do not worry too much, of course, need to go to the regular hospital to exclude other infectious diseases caused by fever. 3.How to treat a child with a “cold”? Viral “cold” is a self-limiting disease that lasts about a week. Families should pay attention to prevent cross-infection, rest, drink more water and take vitamins. Since most “colds” are viral infections, they do not require antibiotics. However, some parents may request the use of antibiotics. Here we need to remind parents that if antibiotics are used for viral “colds”, it will not only not help the condition but may also lead to side effects such as dysbiosis, multi-system damage (including nerve, kidney and blood system) and allergic reactions. In addition, you can add cough, antipyretic drugs for symptomatic treatment, if febrile convulsions occur in children need sedation, anti-stunning and other treatment. 4.Does “cold” need to be treated by infusion? Will the infusion get better faster? Most children with “cold” can be treated with oral medication and monitored at home for changes in temperature. If the gastrointestinal symptoms are too severe to be taken orally, intramuscular injections or infusions can be considered. However, some parents, because of their children’s repeated fever and nervousness, think that infusion is good and that their children will get better faster with infusion. In fact, infusion is only one way of drug treatment, and it cannot shorten the course of the disease. Therefore, as a pediatrician, we recommend that oral medication should not be given orally, and intramuscular medication should not be given as an infusion.